Compound redemption processor

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides methods and apparatus one or more of: creating, issuing and redeeming Compound Redeemable Instruments. Apparatus can include a computerized system with executable software that is executable upon demand to process Redemption Instances as well as create and issue Compound Redeemable Instruments.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to Provisional Patent Application U.S.Ser. No. 61/230,731, filed Aug. 2, 2009, entitled Compound RedeemableInstrument Processor. The contents of each are relied upon andincorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to systems and methods forfinancial investment. Particular embodiments relate to automatedapparatus and integrated software for creating, acquiring and redeemingnovel Compound Redeemable Instruments.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is a generally known practice for investors to seek to makeinvestments with high returns within a risk profile. That investmentconsiderations may also include other investment characteristics, suchas: liquidity, transparency, price, growth potential, income potential,regulatory considerations, tax considerations, accountingconsiderations, and so on, is also well known. While investor needsdiffer, many share the goal of maximizing a return for a given level ofrisk.

Liquidity of an investment instrument is an important factor to manyinvestors, particularly as liquidity relates to the evaluation of risk.Investments that can be more readily converted to cash, or otherdesirable instruments, quickly and without discount; are perceived to beless risky than similar less-liquid instruments. As a result, investorsseeking strategies to manage risk and return usually prefer instrumentsthat can be traded or redeemed compared to those that cannot.

Transparency of an investment instrument is another important factor tomany investors as it relates to the evaluation of risk. Investments canbe understood more easily based upon an issuer being open about abusiness associated with a particular investment. An investment withopen details related to the associated business may be perceived to beless risky than similar less transparent instruments. As a result,investors seeking strategies to manage risk and return usually preferinstruments that are more easily understood compared to those that arenot. Issuers may therefore seek to attract investor capital by providingfinancial instruments that deliver an appealing package of risk andreturn.

Providing liquidity and transparency through exchange listing and publicreporting enhances an issuance but may be impractical for reasonsincluding the burdens and costs of public registration, offering andexchange listing. As a result, many securities are privately placed andthinly traded or not traded at all.

While many large companies have the financial strength to registerpublicly and list their securities, many other companies includingsmaller issuers and special purpose companies and investment vehicles donot. In addition, some larger companies, operating companies andinvestment entities; that may or may not publicly register and listtheir securities; may still have limited liquidity and be lessattractive to investors either because their investment instruments arenot interesting to investors or well understood in the marketplace.

The importance of liquidity and transparency was particularly apparentduring the financial crises of 2008 when the securities of otherwiseattractive private structured financings including mortgage-backedsecurities and asset-backed securities, among others, traded at dramaticdiscounts to their net asset value because a lack of liquidity and poortransparency magnified the perceived risk of these instruments during atime of market stress. Many investors in these securities were requiredto sell and realized significant losses attributable in part to theinability to access trapped value.

It is worth noting that even liquid and transparent investmentinstruments may trade at significant discounts to the net asset value ofthe underlying assets. An example of where this may be important is theclosed-end fund marketplace where fully transparent closed-end fundsthat are listed on major exchanges often trade at a discount to netasset value.

Another prior known way to address liquidity and transparency is withsecurities that can be redeemed for value on a periodic or continualbasis. Publicly offered open-end mutual funds and exchange-traded fundsprovide liquidity and transparency by enabling the redemption of asingle class of investment instruments in exchange for a pro-rataportion of an issuer's assets or the cash value of such assets. Thisdirect access to the value of underlying assets greatly reduces the riskof holding assets in a vehicle. Generally, the process of redemptioncauses value to be withdrawn from issuers; therefore holders ofnon-redeemable instruments become disadvantaged compared to holders ofthe redeemable instruments. Making one or more other instrumentsredeemable as well is not practical using traditional redemptiontechniques. This is because the integrity of payout preferences andseniority for each different class may only be maintained on a relativebasis with overly complex redemption formulae.

A bipartite stock certificate (as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,093,276)created a redeemable investment unit separable into components that maybe recombined into a single unit of redeemable equity. The componentsare essentially derivative interests in the issuer's equity rather thanseparate interests in its capital structure. This proved to be a majordrawback contributing to entity-level taxation under the “Sears Regs”(reg. section 301.7701-4) that made the issuance of these certificatesimpractical.

Other securities similar to the bipartite stock certificate such asSuperShares™ divide investment units into more complicated interests inthe equity of the issuer. One aspect each of these approaches has incommon is that it creates derivative interests in the issuer's equityrather than direct interests in its capital structure. This may haveimportant ramifications to the investor as to tax treatment, regulatorytreatment and seniority, among others.

Financial engineers have created other instruments in their attempts tocreate multiple classes of redeemable interests. One such approach,described as a Proxy Asset Data Processor in U.S. Pat. No. 5,987,435;U.S. Pat. No. 6,513,020; and Patent Application number 2008/0027847,employs an indirect and cumbersome cash management system allocatingreferenced returns among trusts issuing equity.

Other prior art approaches and products exist as well; however, thereremains a need in the marketplace for improved liquidity andtransparency through the ability to redeem multiple classes ofinvestment instruments. The preceding description is not to be construedas an admission that any of the description is prior art relative to thepresent invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention, a Compound Redeemable InstrumentSystem includes apparatus for redeeming two or more Compound RedeemableInstruments of different classes in exchange for one or moreExchangeable Assets of a specified class or classes. The apparatusgenerally includes a processor in logical communication with a storagedevice and executable software stored on the storage device. Theprocessor and software is functional to manifest the concepts andinstruments referenced herein. According to the present invention,creation of two or more Compound Redeemable Instruments of differentclasses can be accomplished by deposit of Exchangeable Assets of aspecified class or classes. A Compound Redemption Processor may also beused to create Compound Redeemable Instruments through direct issuancefor cash or otherwise, or may be used to convert instruments which arenot Compound Redeemable Instruments into Compound RedeemableInstruments. Investors may acquire Compound Redeemable Instrumentseither from an issuer or in a secondary market transaction. In someembodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments may be publicly listed.Compound Redeemable Instruments have value based on their individualterms as instruments issued directly by the issuer and by virtue oftheir ability to be redeemed using the Compound Redemption Processor forExchangeable Assets in a process referred to herein as CompoundRedemption.

Apparatus included in a Compound Redemption Processor may incorporatecomputer hardware and stored protocol of processing logic to properlyspecify the minimum number of Compound Redeemable Instruments redeemingin exchange for Exchangeable Assets in a single instance of CompoundRedemption. In some embodiments, a Compound Redemption Processor iscapable of managing individual and multiple instances of CompoundRedemption simultaneously or in sequence. The Compound RedemptionProcessor organizes and tracks instruments in a database as controlledby the processing logic of the computer system, to insure properadministration of the Compound Redeemable Instruments during their term.The proper implementation and management of the Compound RedemptionProcessor will affect the pricing efficiency and marketability ofCompound Redeemable Instruments. One part of some embodiments of aCompound Redemption Processor is a data processing system that conveysinformation about Exchangeable Assets, including valuation information,to the marketplace making such information available in essentially realtime, or at least without any significant artificial delays built in.

The data processing system and method for executing trades provides thatredeeming, creating, trading, managing and reporting of CompoundRedeemable Instruments is seamless, automatic and efficient. A linkeddatabase in accordance with a stored protocol permits commercialtransactions of Compound Redeemable Instruments enabling thedistribution and trading of Compound Redeemable Instruments. TheCompound Redeemable Instruments are exchanged in the market either viaconventional brokerage services or directly through a trading systemdefined here, allowing a broad spectrum of investor access to thisinstrument with improved investment and risk management capabilitiescompared to other financial instruments.

In one aspect of some embodiments of the present invention, a CompoundRedemption Processor provides for the redemption of two or more classesof Compound Redeemable Instruments, or their cash equivalent, inexchange for the withdrawal of Exchangeable Assets, or their cashequivalent, on an ongoing basis with enhanced speed, efficiency andcontrol.

In another aspect of the present invention the Compound RedemptionProcessor provides for the creation of Compound Redeemable Instrumentson an ongoing basis with enhanced speed, efficiency and control,including means for establishing or identifying the issuer, means fordetermining the terms of Compound Redeemable Instruments, and means fordetermining Exchangeable Assets.

In another aspect of the present invention the Compound RedemptionProcessor provides for the issuance of Compound Redeemable Instrumentsin exchange for the deposit of Exchangeable Assets or equivalent valueon an ongoing basis with enhanced speed, efficiency, and control.

In another aspect of the present invention the Compound RedemptionProcessor provides for the conversion of an issuer's existinginstruments into Compound Redeemable Instruments on an ongoing basiswith enhanced speed, efficiency, and control.

In another aspect of the present invention, the Compound RedemptionProcessor provides for the distribution, management and support ofCompound Redeemable Instruments and Exchangeable Assets on an ongoingbasis. Distribution, management and support can be on a periodic basisor on demand. Automated apparatus can provide enhanced speed, efficiencyand control, including without limitation: apparatus for receiving,managing and distributing Exchangeable Assets; other collateral,apparatus for receiving input from the capital markets; apparatus fordetermining and maintaining rates of exchange between CompoundRedeemable Instruments and Exchangeable Assets; and apparatus forengaging and maintaining the Depositor. In addition, automated apparatusmay include means for managing terms associated with a CompoundRedeemable Instrument, including without limitation: making payments ofCompound Redeemable Instruments; extinguishing Compound RedeemableInstruments; providing reporting information for issuers and tocustomers for administrative and record keeping purposes including taxreporting; and liquidating an issuer of Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In accordance with the varying aspects of the present invention, theCompound Redeemable Instrument may be available as a separate tradingsecurity. In an associated aspect, the Compound Redemption Processorprovides trading support for Compound Redeemable Instruments. Tradingsupport may include communicating to investors and potential investors'relevant information to evaluate transactions such as information as tothe terms of Compound Redeemable Instruments and Exchangeable Assets andas to the composition of Instrument Sets, Instrument Units, Asset Setsand Asset Units, among others.

The present invention accordingly comprises the features ofconstruction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts that willbe exemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and the scope ofthe invention will be indicated in the claims. Other features andadvantages of the present invention will be apparent from thedescription, the drawings and the claims.

The foregoing specific aspects and advantages of the present inventionare illustrative of those which can be achieved by the present inventionand are not intended to be exhaustive or limiting of the possibleadvantages that can be realized. Thus, the aspects and advantages ofthis invention will be apparent from the description herein or can belearned from practicing the invention both as embodied herein or asmodified in view of any variations that may be apparent to those skilledin the art. Accordingly, the present invention resides in the novelparts, constructions, arrangements, combinations and improvements hereinshown and described. The present invention has several importanttechnical advantages. In various embodiments it may have none, some, orall of these technical advantages.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments and other aspects of the invention are best understood withreference to the detailed disclosure and the following figures, whichare meant to illustrate and not limit the invention, and in which:

FIG. 1A illustrates a diagram depicting prior art with an issuer issuingfungible instruments grouped in classes and owning or controlling aright to acquire or divest fungible assets grouped in classes.

FIG. 1B illustrates a block diagram depicting some exemplary embodimentsof the present invention including a single instance of CompoundRedemption.

FIG. 2 illustrates one instance of the Compound Redemption ofinstruments according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates some embodiments of an Issuer engaging in RedemptionInstances.

FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart with some exemplary methods of redeemingCompound Redeemable Instruments in exchange for Exchangeable Assets.

FIG. 5 illustrates steps that may be included, in some embodimentsrelating to acquisition, ownership and disposition of CompoundRedeemable Instruments.

FIG. 5A illustrates some alternative embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIG. 6 illustrates a flow chart illustrates some methods of creating,redeeming, managing, administering, and extinguishing CompoundRedeemable Instruments according to some embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIG. 7A illustrates method steps that can be included in someembodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 7B illustrates some additional method steps that may be implementedin some embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of a components included in someembodiments the invention.

FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of CPU apparatus included in someembodiments the Present invention.

FIG. 10 illustrates exemplary steps related to an instance generatoraccording to some embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 11 illustrates exemplary steps related to a Processor Manageraccording to some embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 12 illustrates a block diagram of logic that may be utilized byapparatus implementing some embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 13 illustrates an exemplary spreadsheet including computation ofthe ratio and numbers of CRIs and EAs in Compound Redemption accordingto some embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 14 illustrates a table with examples of Compound RedeemableInstruments and corresponding Exchangeable Assets.

FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a derivative with an illiquidunderlying.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a short stock position.

FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a collateralized bond obligation.

FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a securitized prime brokerage.

FIG. 19 illustrates an example of an operating issuer.

It should be understood by one skilled in the art that the embodimentsdepicted in the drawings are illustrative and variations of those shownas well as other embodiments described herein may be envisioned andpracticed within the scope of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Accordingly, the present invention provides novel apparatus and methodsrelated to the issuance and redemption of Compound RedeemableInstruments from disparate specified financial classes, such as, forexample equity classes, debt classes, classes of contracts, and otherclasses of financial instruments. The CRIs are jointly redeemable inexchange for specified assets. In some embodiments, issuance andredemption of the Compound Redeemable Instruments takes place on anongoing basis.

Generally, a Compound Redeemable Instrument is a financial instrumentthat is jointly redeemable with other issuer instruments belonging todifferent classes. Instruments of the Issuer may be otherwise difficultto efficiently exchange for value. According to the present invention,specified Compound Redeemable Instruments are redeemable for specifiedassets according to an instance of Compound Redemption. The relativevalue of the instruments of different classes in an instance of CompoundRedemption is determined by market demand and the aggregate value ofsuch instruments is efficiently determined by the value of the specifiedassets for which they can be exchanged. Multiple types of instrumentsmay be issued as, or transformed into, a Compound Redeemable Instrumentby an issuer in exchange for specified assets.

The use of Compound Redeemable Instruments allows for the creation ofone or both of new and improved Financial Instruments which areredeemable in instances of Compound Redemption for Exchangeable Assets.The instruments may include derivatives, securitizations and corporatefinancings. The new Financial Instruments will be capable of increasedtransparency over existing Financial Instruments and increasedliquidity.

As a result of the methods and apparatus disclosed, investors, dealersand issuers will benefit from improved liquidity and transparency ascompared to non-redeemables; arbitrage pricing efficiency; new methodsand apparatus for managing risk and return; simplicity of FinancialInstrument make up; and efficiency in trading; new, improved specialpurpose vehicles; a revitalization of collateralized businesses;derivatives on illiquid underlyings; securitized prime brokerage;synthetic stock lending; increased trading opportunities; and corporatefinancing opportunities; new corporate redeemables; issuance of moreredeemables; revitalization of existing instruments; securitization ofinventory and embedded margins, amongst other benefits.

Compound Redeemable Instruments can be traded via the apparatus andmethods described herein using U.S., non U.S. and global, public andprivate markets, exchanges, services and platforms, among others,including examples such as the New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, theLondon Stock Exchange, the Cayman Islands Stock Exchange, Bloomberg® andReuters® pages, the NASDAQ PORTAL Alliance system, and private dealermarkets, among others.

Definitions

As used herein, the following terms shall be associated with thespecified definitions:

“Asset Unit” as used herein, refers to a relative number of ExchangeableAssets exchangeable in an instance of Compound Redemption.

“Asset Set” used herein, refers to an absolute number of ExchangeableAssets exchangeable in an instance of Compound Redemption.

“Compound Redeemable Instrument” as used herein and sometimes referredto as a “CRI” or multiple “CRIs” includes an issuer Financial Instrumentjointly redeemable with one or more other Financial Instruments inexchange for one or more predefined Exchangeable Assets of one or moreclasses, wherein the issuer Financial Instrument and the one or moreother Financial Instruments are of disparate classes. In the case ofdisparate issuers, disparate issuers may be determinative of disparateclasses.

“Compound Redemption” as used herein and sometimes referred to as a “CR”or multiple “CRs” refers to the predefined joint redemption ofindependent CRIs of two or more disparate classes in exchange for one ormore Exchangeable Assets.

“Compound Redemption Processor” an automated computer processor inlogical communication with a digital storage. The digital storage storesexecutable code which is operative with the processor to process some orall aspects of a Compound Redemption.

“Exchange Traded Note” as used herein, refers to an exchange-traded note(ETN) such as an exchange traded, equity-linked, senior, unsecured,unsubordinated obligation issued by a corporation. ETNs have a maturitydate and are backed by the credit of the issuer.

“Exchangeable Asset” as used herein and sometimes referred to as an “EA”or multiple “EAs” can include an asset specified as exchangeable forCRIs in an instance of Compound Redemption. By way of non-limitingexample, an Exchangeable Asset can include one or more: stock, bond,inventory, service, contract, commodity, portfolio, right, real estate,agreement, mortgage, note, receivable, cash, currency, coupon, preciousmetal, energy unit or other transferable Financial Instrument or asset,including securities of the issuer not Compound Redeemable or ifCompound Redeemable not in the Redemption Instance in which they areExchangeable Assets.

“Financial Instrument” shall herein include pecuniary value based uponany stock or certificate of interest or participation in a company, orany indebtedness or obligation or any other instrument falling eitherwithin or without of the definition provided by the Securities ExchangeActs of 1933 or 1934 for a financial security including instruments thatare not financial securities; including therefore, but not limited to,any: note, equity, common stock, preferred stock, treasury stock,futures contract, senior bond, junior bond, convertible bond, ownershipinterest, debenture, certificate of interest, option contract, hybridbond, derivative, trust unit, swap, repo, forward, or participation inany profit-sharing agreement or in any oil, gas, or other mineralroyalty or lease, any collateral-trust certificate, pre-organizationcertificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract,voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, anyput, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security, certificateof deposit, or group or index of securities (including any interesttherein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle,option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchangerelating to foreign currency, or in general, any instrument commonlyknown as a ‘security’; or any certificate of interest or participationin, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, or warrant orright to subscribe to or purchase.

“Processor Manager” as referred to herein refers to an entity thatcontrols an exchange of Exchangeable Assets for a Compound RedeemableInstruments.

“Instrument Unit” used herein, refers to a relative number of CompoundRedeemable Instruments redeeming in an instance of Compound Redemption.

“Instrument Set” used herein, refers to an absolute number of CompoundRedeemable Instruments redeeming in an instance of Compound Redemption.

“Maturity Payment” used herein, refers to a payment received followingthe holding of a CRI to the end of a term of a related instrument.

“Redemption Instance” as used herein and sometimes referred to as “RI”is an instance of Compound Redemption which includes a predefinedexchange of CRIs jointly redeeming in exchange for Exchangeable Assets.

“Redemption Notice” as used herein, refers to a notification by a holderor other controller of a CRI which includes the holder's intent toredeem an indicative number and class of Compound Redeemable Instrumentsby effecting one or more instances of redemption.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a newly formed specialpurpose vehicle (SPV) issues derivative instruments and equityinstruments jointly redeemable for specified commodities. The derivativemay have, for example, a payout linked to equity, housing or even thecommodity. Should the market value of the derivative and the equity varyfrom the commodity, arbitrage opportunities would exist to bring arelative price of the equity and the derivative into balance. In anotherexample, the outstanding shares and bonds of a company can betransformed into Compound Redeemable Instruments jointly redeemable forthe finished goods inventory of the issuer enabling the marketplace tovalue the issuers' securities on the basis of its marked-up products.

The present invention provides a Compound Redemption Processor apparatuscapable of creating, distributing, managing, and maintaining a pluralityof Compound Redeemable Instruments of a plurality of classes,instruments of one class redeemable together with instruments of one ormore other classes in accordance with pre-determined criteria inexchange for specified Exchangeable Assets of one or more classes on anongoing basis, and also executing trade, transformation, issuance andredemption of such Compound Redeemable Instruments. Compound RedeemableInstruments provide the ability to own and trade a single financialinstrument having a unique and attractive matrix of properties allowingenhanced investment opportunities.

A Compound Redemption Processor is employed as part of a CompoundRedeemable Instrument System and includes processors in logicalcommunication with executable code which upon execution causes theprocessor to be functional to one or more of: create, distribute,manage, maintain, redeem, and extinguish the Compound RedeemableInstruments. A data processor according to the present invention makespossible a fundamentally new kind of instrument by defining and managingthe absolute and relative numbers and classes of instruments and assetscomprising instances of Compound Redemption, and also facilitatingtrade, creation and redemption of such Compound Redeemable Instrumentsthereby facilitating pricing arbitrage and efficient market pricing.

In some respects, Compound Redeemable Instruments may resemble otherinstruments which investors may be familiar with; however, CRIs differin their ability to be redeemed in instances of Compound Redemption.Compound Redeemable Instruments therefore have the advantage of beingboth familiar to investors and superior in their liquidity andtransparency. The Compound Redeemable Instruments are familiar in termsof the kinds of structures that investors become involved with from atax and regulatory perspective and offer the same feeling of financialsoundness plus the benefits of Compound Redemption. The CompoundRedemption Processor is designed to reinforce and confirm theseimpressions among investors by facilitating the basic functionsnecessary for the Compound Redeemable Instrument's comparability andadvantages compared with other assets.

Apparatus and executable code utilized to create or process CRIs maytake into account multiple factual considerations in order to optimizethe success of a CRI offering and redemption. Considerations mayinclude, for example, one or more of: a ratio of CRIs redeeming to thenumber issued; a ratio of assets exchanging as Exchangeable Assets; aratio of CRIs to Exchangeable Assets; administration of changes to oneor both of the CRIs and the Exchangeable Assets; cash and/or physicalsettlements; and expense and income attributions.

According to the present invention, the above functions and otheraspects are realized in a CRI System including apparatus and executablesoftware. A CRI Data Processor is linked to a database for managing theprocess of CR. Investors become holders of CRIs having exchange value byvirtue of their ability to be redeemed for EAs. The parameters governingCR instances are periodically adjusted in accord with changes in therelative and absolute numbers of CRIs redeeming and changes in therelative and absolute numbers of EAs exchanging. These changes mayreflect issuer-related income, expenses or corporate actions orasset-related income, expenses or modifications whether or not theassets are actually owned by the issuer.

In various embodiments, a CRI database includes digital data descriptiveof at least one account, instrument and asset information, and storesparameters that govern an instance on a periodic basis as controlled byprocessing logic inherent in the executable software. At set intervalsthe system addresses the proportion of instruments redeeming by changingor not changing the coefficients of the Instrument Unit and the absolutenumber of instruments redeeming by changing or not changing themultiplier for the Instrument Set. Also at set intervals, the systemaddresses the proportion of assets exchanging by changing or notchanging the coefficients of the Asset Unit and the absolute number asassets redeeming by changing or not changing the multiplier for theAsset Set. The system provides for the creation of Compound RedeemableInstruments by enabling newly created and issued instruments andoutstanding instruments for Compound Redemption using the CompoundRedemption Processor.

Overview

Referring now to FIG. 1A, a diagram illustrates prior art scenarioinvolving an issuer issuing instruments comprising multiple classes. Theinstruments within each class of instrument are fungible, and assetsowned comprise classes, the assets within each class of asset beingfungible. This diagram is included herein because it is useful forillustrative purposes in order to establish a framework for explainingcertain embodiments of the present invention.

With reference to FIG. 1A, issuer 100 owning assets 110 comprisingclasses 110 _(1-d) each comprising a number j_(d) of fungible asset Adissues Instruments 120 comprising classes 120 _(1-x) each comprising anumber k_(x) of a fungible Instrument S_(x). Issuer 100 may be, forexample, newly-formed or pre-existing, an operating company or specialpurpose vehicle, managed actively or not managed actively, or structuredas a corporation, limited liability company, or other legal entityincluding an exchange, such as, for example, a futures or optionsexchange, which issues financial instruments.

Assets 110 may be, for example, any items of property, including realproperty, personal property, tangible property or intangible property orany interests therein which may be readily transferable or not. In oneexample, assets 110 comprise shares of stock listed on public exchangesof various companies comprising classes 110 _(1-d) each comprisingnumber j_(d) of single company share A_(d). In another example, assets110 comprise condominium units in different buildings comprising classes110 _(1-d) each comprising number j_(d) of single building condominiumunit A_(d). In another example, assets 110 include one or more classes110 _(1-d) each comprising interests in notional principal contractsknown as swap agreements. In another example, assets 110 include one ormore classes 110 _(1-d) comprising different types of cash instruments.

Instruments 120 may be, for example, ownership units, debt obligations,or contract agreements. In one example, Instruments 120 comprise bondsof different maturities each class 121 _(x) comprising a number k_(x) ofsingle maturity bond S_(x). In another example, Instruments 120 comprisecommon shares and types of contracts comprising classes each class 120_(x) comprising k_(x) of common share or single contract S_(x).

In one example, Assets 110 comprise 1000 U. S. Treasury Bonds of asingle series and Instruments 120 comprise 10,000 units of ownership oftrust issuer 100 and 20,000 contracts linked to shares of IBM. In thisexample, Assets 110 comprise class 110 ₁ where j₁ equals 1000 and A₁represents a single U.S. Treasury Bond and Instruments 120 compriseclasses 120 ₁ and 120 ₂ where k₁ equals 10,000 and S₁ represents asingle unit and k₂ equals 20,000 and S₂ represents a single contract.

In another example, Assets 110 comprise screws of several differentclasses and Instruments 120 comprise shares of stock and bonds of screwmanufacturer 100.

FIG. 1B illustrates a block diagram depicting some exemplary embodimentsof the present invention including a single instance of CompoundRedemption. In such instances, one asset A₁ 110 from a single class 110₁ is distributed by issuer 100 in exchange for the redemption of twofinancial instruments of separate classes S₁ of class 120 ₁ and S₂ ofclass 120 ₂.

Issuer 145 in FIG. 1B may generally be considered equivalent to anissuer 100 in FIG. 1A. In FIG. 1B Compound Redeemable Instrument 1 160and Compound Redeemable Instrument 2 165 are each from a separate class120 _(x) FIG. 1. These instruments redeem together through the system ofCompound Redemption in exchange for the distribution of ExchangeableAsset 180 an asset of a single class 110 _(d).

In this exemplary embodiment, the system operates by grouping CompoundRedeemable Instrument 1 and Compound Redeemable Instrument 2 as oneInstrument Unit 155 comprising one Instrument Set 150 redeeming inexchange for one Asset Set 170 comprising one Asset Unit 175 comprisingone Exchangeable Asset 180. This embodiment illustrates in simplifiedform, a system of Compound Redemption wherein independent instrumentsfrom separate classes redeem jointly in exchange for a single class ofasset. In this and other instances of CR the issuer may retain,extinguish or re-issue redeemed CRIs.

Other embodiments including those of greater variety and complexitieswherein instruments from at least two classes of instruments redeem inexchange for assets from at least one class of asset are illustrated inFIG. 2.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a block diagram illustrates exemplaryconfigurations and systems for various embodiments of the invention.Issuer 210 may generally considered to be equivalent to an Issuer 100 inFIG. 1A. Issuer 210 may be the owner of Exchangeable Assets 211 or mayacquire these assets in order to fulfill its obligations under one ormore instances of Compound Redemption described herein. Holder 220 isthe owner of Compound Redeemable Instruments 221 or may acquire theseassets in order to fulfill its obligations under one or more instancesof Compound Redemption.

Redemption Instance 200 occurs when Compound Redeemable Instruments Rx221 comprising more than one of Instrument Classes 221 _(1-x) redeem inexchange for Exchangeable Assets E_(d) 211 comprising one or more ofAsset Classes 211 _(1-d). As such, Instruments 120 in FIG. 1A becomeCompound Redeemable Instruments if they can be redeemed in this fashionand Assets 110 in FIG. 1A become Exchangeable Assets if they areexchangeable in this fashion. As a result, Compound RedeemableInstruments 221 are a subset of Instruments 120 in FIG. 1A that issue asor subsequently become Compound Redeemable Instruments such that n_(x)221 _(1-x) is less than or equal to k_(x) 120 _(1-x) in FIG. 1A andExchangeable Assets 221 comprise Assets 110 in FIG. 1A that are acquiredas or owned and later become Exchangeable Assets such that m_(d) 211_(1-d) is less than or equal to j_(d) 110 _(1-d).

In some embodiments of the invention, Issuer 210 issues only CompoundRedeemable Instruments 221.

In other embodiments of the invention, Issuer 210 issues interests (suchas 120 in FIG. 1A) which are not Compound Redeemable Instruments 221.Such interests can include any sort of instrument other than CompoundRedeemable Instruments including for example equity, debt, contracts,swap agreements, warrants and derivatives which are not redeemable, orwhich are individually redeemable such as the shares of an open-endmutual fund or certain unit investment trusts.

In other embodiments of the invention, Compound Redeemable Instruments221 may include instruments of more than one issuer 210. For example, insome alternative embodiments, Trust A may issue 1000 equity units toinvestors and a single contract to Trust B using the proceeds to acquire1000 bonds. Trust B issues 1000 equity units to investors representinginterests in the contract acquired from trust A. Trust A and Trust Bcompound redeem one Trust A equity unit and one Trust B equity unit(note that these equity units are of disparate classes being equityunits of different issuers) for one bond received by Trust A and areduction in the notional amount of the contract between Trust A andTrust B (in this example by 1/1000^(th)). Similarly, Trust A and Trust Bmay create equity units and increase the notional of the contractbetween Trust A and Trust B.

In furtherance of the discussion related to this exemplary embodiment,Trust A does not issue a formal contract to Trust B which issuescontracts to investors. Trust A and Trust B compound redeem one Trust Aequity unit and one Trust B contract for one bond withdrawn from TrustA. Similarly, Trust A and Trust B create one Trust A equity unit and oneTrust B contract for one bond deposited into Trust A.

In some specific examples, Exchange Traded Notes or ETNs may be CompoundRedeemable Instruments 221. ETNs generally are obligations of an issuerthat are listed and traded on a securities exchange such as the NYSE andprovide investors access to the return of a market index. The returnassociated with an ETN at maturity or upon redemption is derived fromthe performance of a benchmark, typically a market index, which may beadjusted for fees and other costs. An investor fee is usually associatedwith ETNs. The investor fee may be calculated in different ways, butwill generally be calculated on a cumulative basis each day based on ayearly fee and the performance of the underlying index.

ETNs closely track index performance because their payout and redemptionvalue is specified in terms of the benchmark and varies primarilybecause of fees and costs, but may also vary because of a change in thecredit worthiness of the issuer. This is different as compared toExchange Traded Funds (ETFs) which own assets managed by the fundmanager to track the benchmark. ETFs don't usually have credit risk, butmay experience tracking error associated with the management of assetsas well as fees and costs.

Two or more CRIs which are ETNs enable investors to closely track abenchmark or to efficiently achieve more efficient variations of riskand return associated with a benchmark compared to a conventional ETN.For example, one ETN which is a CRI can provide the performance of anindex, adjusted for fees and other costs, up to and including a caplevel (Target®) and another ETN which is a CRI can provide theperformance of an index, adjusted for fees and other costs, above thecap level (SuperTarget®). The Target® and SuperTarget® use CompoundRedemption to access the Exchangeable Asset which is a cash amountproviding the performance of the benchmark similar to a conventionalETN. However, by investing in relatively more Targets® or SuperTargets®other variations of risk and return can be achieved. Targets® andSuperTargets® resemble conventional structured products which are notredeemable; however, because they are CRIs these structured products arejointly redeemable for cash and more liquid than conventional structuredproducts.

For illustrative purposes, and by way of non-limiting example, an issuerin the above example may be an exchange, such as, for example, a futuresexchange issuing contracts with economics similar to Targets® andSuperTargets® which are compound redeemable for an index value.

In another embodiment of the invention, Issuer 210 issues Instruments120 in FIG. 1A which are not redeemable when issued, but subsequentlybecome Compound Redeemable Instruments 221. This might be the case wherean issuer has a class of outstanding equity and a class of outstandingdebt that the issuer causes to become Compound Redeemable Instruments221 subsequent to the issuance redeeming in exchange for one or moreclasses of asset that it owns or will acquire.

In one embodiment of the invention, a Redemption Instance 200 specifiesInstrument Set 201 comprising Multiplier v 203 number of InstrumentUnits 202 comprising coefficients r_(1-x) numbers of Compound RedeemableInstruments R_(x) redeeming in exchange for Asset Set 204 comprisingMultiplier u 206 of Asset Units 205 comprising coefficients e_(1-d)numbers of Exchangeable Assets E_(d).

In other embodiments, Redemption Instance 200 comprises Instrument Set201 comprising the smallest non-negative integer number of CompoundRedeemable Instruments redeeming in exchange for Asset Set 204comprising the smallest non-negative integer number of ExchangeableAssets where Instrument Unit 202 comprises the smallest non-negativeinteger numbers r_(1-x) at least r₁ and r₂ being positive of R_(1-x).Multiplier v 203 represents the smallest non-negative integer number ofInstrument Units 202, Asset Unit 205 comprises the smallest non-negativeinteger numbers e_(1-d) at least e₁ being positive of E_(1-d), andMultiplier u 206 represents the smallest non-negative integer number ofAsset Units 205. For example, the number and class of CompoundRedeemable Instruments redeeming in Instrument Set 201 comprises 100shares of common equity and 20 derivative contracts where InstrumentUnit 202 comprises 5 shares and 1 contract and Multiplier v equals 20,and the number and class of Exchangeable Assets exchanging in Asset Set204 comprises 3 corporate bonds where Asset Unit 205 comprises 1 bondand Multiplier u 206 equals 3. The ratio of u/v in various embodimentsof the invention is referred to herein as a Redemption Ratio. In thisexample, the Redemption Ratio is 3/20.

In still other embodiments of the invention, a Redemption Instance 200specifies Instrument Set 201 comprising any non-negative number ofCompound Redeemable Instruments redeeming in exchange for Asset Set 204comprising any non-negative number of Exchangeable Assets where InterestUnit 202 comprises any numbers r_(1-x) at least r₁ and r₂ positive,Multiplier v 203 represents any positive number, Asset Unit 205comprises any number(s) e_(1-d) at least e₁ positive and Multiplier u206 represents any positive number. For example, the number and class ofCompound Redeemable Instruments is equal to Multiplier v of 0.9Instrument Unit 202 each comprising 10,000 shares of preferred equity, 4senior bonds and 2 subordinated bonds, and the number and class ofExchangeable Assets 204 is equal to Multiplier u 70.2 of Asset Unitscomprising 30 buckets of #2 screws and 70 buckets of #8 screws. In thisexample the Redemption Ratio is 70.2/0.9, or 78/1.

In various embodiments of the invention, any numbers of CompoundRedeemable Instruments R_(x) 221 from more than one Interest Class 221_(1-x) and any numbers of Exchangeable Assets E_(d) from at least oneAsset Class 211 _(1-d) can be specified in a Compound RedemptionInstance.

In various embodiments of the invention, fractions of Instrument Sets,Instrument Units, Multiplier v's, Compound Redeemable Instruments, AssetSets, Asset Units, Multiplier u's, and Exchangeable Assets are possible.

It is appreciated that in some individual or groupings of instances ofCompound Redemption the use of cash equivalents may be used for all or aportion of a redemption instance.

In various embodiments of the invention, an issuer may create CompoundRedeemable Instruments only in the case where it owns at least all ofthe Exchangeable Assets for which said instruments can be redeemed.

In various embodiments of the invention, an issuer may create CompoundRedeemable Instruments in cases where it owns less than all of theExchangeable Assets for which said instruments can be redeemed.

Referring now to FIG. 3, with reference to FIGS. 1A and 2, configurationand system examples of various embodiments of the invention areillustrated. FIG. 3 illustrates an Issuer 310, generally equivalent toan Issuer 210 in FIG. 2, and Holders 320 comprising H_(1-h) each aHolder 220 of FIG. 2 engaging in Redemption Instances 300 comprisingRI_(1-c) each a Redemption Instance 200 in FIG. 2.

In some exemplary embodiments, H_(h) may be the same in differentRI_(c)'s as in the case where insurance company H₁ is the Holder in RI₁and RI₂, or in the case where H₁ is the only Holder in each of severalRI_(c)'s in which it is a participant. In other exemplary embodiments,H_(h)'s may be different in different RI_(c)'s as in the case whereinvestment fund H₁ participates in RI₁ and corporate investor H₂participates in RI₂. In other exemplary embodiments, H_(h)'s may bedifferent in the same RI_(c) as in the case where sophisticated investorH₁ and hedge fund H₂ participate in RI_(I) by each contributing CompoundRedeemable Instruments 221 in FIG. 2.

In other exemplary embodiments, Issuer 310 may be a joint venture oragreement among two or more distinct entities where RI_(c)'s includeCompound Redeemable Instruments R_(x) 221 issued by one or more of suchentities exchanging for Exchangeable Assets E_(d) provided by one ormore of such entities.

In other exemplary embodiments, Instrument Set 201 in FIG. 2 may be thesame in more than one RI_(1-c) as in the case where the Instrument Setcomprises 50 common shares and ten warrants of Issuer in each ofRI₁₋₅₁₂. In still other exemplary embodiments, Instrument Set 201 inFIG. 2 may be different in more than one RI_(1-c) as in the case wherethe Instrument Set Comprises 40 common shares and 20 preferred shares ofIssuer in each of RI₁₋₂₀₀ and 41 common shares and 20 preferred sharesof Issuer in each of RI₂₀₁₋₂₀₄.

In other exemplary embodiments, Asset Set 204 in FIG. 2 may be the samein more than one RI_(1-c) as in the case where the Asset Set comprises50 silver coins of a single type in each of RI_(1-20,000). In otherexemplary embodiments, Asset Set 204 may be different in more than oneRI_(1-c) as in the case where the Asset Set Comprises 48 silver coins ofa single type in each of RI₁₋₂₃₀₀, 47 silver coins of the same type ineach of RI₂₃₀₁₋₃₃₃₃ and 46 silver coins of the same type in each ofRI₃₃₃₄₋₅₀₀₀.

In other exemplary embodiments, Instrument Unit 202 in FIG. 2 may be thesame in more than one RI_(1-c) as in the case where the Instrument Unitcomprises 7 preferred shares, 1 bond and one contract of Issuer in eachof RI_(1-10,000). In other exemplary embodiments, Interest Unit 202 inFIG. 2 may be different in more than one RI_(1-c) as in the case wherethe Instrument Unit comprises 2 common shares and 1 preferred share ofthe Issuer in RI₁₋₁₀₀, 300 common shares and 2 bonds of the Issuer ineach of RI_(1-1,000), 2 common shares and 1 preferred share of theIssuer in each of RI_(1,001-1,100).

In other exemplary embodiments, Asset Unit 205 in FIG. 2 may be the samein more than one RI_(1-c) as in the case where the Asset Unit comprises1 U.S. Treasury Bond in each and every RI_(c). In other exemplaryembodiments, the Asset Unit 205 in FIG. 2 may be different in more thanone RI_(1-c). In furtherance of this exemplary embodiment, the AssetUnit Comprises 3 shares of ABC Company stock, 5 shares of XYZ Companystock and 3 gold coins in some RI_(c), and 9 shares of ABC Companystock, 1 share of GHI Company stock and 1000 silver coins in every otherRI_(c).

In other exemplary embodiments, Multiplier v 203 in FIG. 2 may be thesame in more than one RI_(1-c) as in the case where Multiplier v is 1.0in each of RI₁₋₂₅. In other exemplary embodiments, Multiplier v 203 inFIG. 2 may be different in more than one RI_(1-c) as in the case whereMultiplier v is 0.9999 in each of RI₂₆₋₆₀ and 0.99985 in each ofRI₆₁₋₈₅.

In other exemplary embodiments, Multiplier u 206 in FIG. 2 may be thesame in more than one RI_(1-c) as is the case where Multiplier u is 10.0in each of RI₁, RI₇ and RI₂₈. In other exemplary embodiments, Multiplieru 206 in FIG. 2 may be different in more than one RI_(1-c) as is thecase where Multiplier u is 7 in RI₁, 6 in RI₇₀₂, 5 in RI₁₅₀₀ and 4.3 inRI₂₂₂₃.

In other exemplary embodiments, Multiplier u 206 and Multiplier v 203and coefficients r_(1-x) and e_(1-d) all equal to 1 in more than oneRI_(1-c) as is the case where Multiplier u is 1, Multiplier v is 1,coefficient r₁ is 1, coefficient r₂ is 1, coefficient e₁ is 1 and allother coefficients are 0 in every RI_(c). By way of further exampleinvolving ETNs in some embodiments, ETNs are jointly redeemable for oneamount of cash specified to be an index, such as E₁. Alternatively, E₁can be a fixed amount and a coefficient e₁ varies with an index.Alternatively, e₁ and E₁ can be pre-specified in order to provide afixed schedule of redemption amounts such as One Hundred Dollars U.S.($100.00) this year and One Hundred Five Dollars U.S. ($105.00) afollowing year.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more of the Instrument Set 201,Asset Set 204, Instrument Unit 202, Asset Unit 205, Multiplier v 203 andMultiplier u 206 in FIG. 2 may not change in a subsequent RI_(c) as isthe case where each of the Instrument Set, Asset Set, Instrument Unit,Asset Unit, Multiplier v and Multiplier u is the same in RI₃ as it wasin RI₂ where RI₃ is subsequent to RI₂.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more of the Instrument Set 201,Asset Set 204, Instrument Unit 202, Asset Unit 205, Multiplier v 203 andMultiplier u 206 in FIG. 2 may change in a subsequent RI_(c) on anarbitrary basis as is the case where Multiplier u 206 is 10 in RI₁, 9 inRI₂ and 11 in RI₃ where RI₃ is subsequent to RI₂ and RI₂ is subsequentto RI₁.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more of the Instrument Set 201,Asset Set 204, Instrument Unit 202, Asset Unit 205, Multiplier v 203 andMultiplier u 206 in FIG. 2 change in a subsequent RI_(c) on a specifiedbasis as in the examples where Multiplier v 203 is increased ordecreased in subsequent RI_(c) to reflect the actual expenses or incomeof Issuer 210 in FIG. 2 or Instrument Unit 202 is changed to reflect achange to a Compound Redeemable Instrument R_(x) 221 such as a corporateevent as in a share split of an instrument included in such InterestUnit.

In other exemplary embodiments, Holder H_(h) 320 initiates RI_(c). Infurtherance of this exemplary embodiment, H_(h) provides Issuer 310 witha Redemption Notice 401 FIG. 4 (discussed further below) to initiate aRI_(c). In other exemplary embodiments, Issuer 310 initiates RI_(c). Infurtherance of this exemplary embodiment, Issuer provides one or moreHolders with a Redemption Notice to initiate a RI_(c).

The various elements of a system of Compound Redemption is illustratedin FIGS. 1B, 2 and 3 and may be expressed in unique controlling logicresident on or implemented with any of one or more computers, e.g.servers, which in turn may be connected to other computers or computernetworks such as those including but not limited to the World Wide Web,the Internet, any suitable local area network (LAN), and/or any suitablewide area network (WAN), a virtual private network (VPN), IntegratedServices Digital Network (ISDN or other type of distributed network.

Further, the various functionalities of the systems and methodsdescribed herein may be implemented by suitable hardware, firmware,and/or software (e.g. such as those useful for computer, telephony,and/or internet applications). Examples of computer systemsincorporating the system of Compound Redemption are outlined in FIGS. 8and 9.

Methods

Referring now to FIG. 4, a flow chart illustrates methods of redeemingof Compound Redeemable Instruments via Redemption Instances in exchangefor Exchangeable Assets according to some specific embodiments of theinvention. Holder 400 redeems Compound Redeemable Instruments 403 fromIssuer 440 using Depositor 420, the Issuer, an affiliate of the Issuer,or an unrelated third party.

Communications and method steps describe herein may be accomplished viaa network access device, such as a personal computer, a computerterminal, a mobile phone, a personal digital device or other apparatuscapable of communicating via a distributed network in logicalcommunication with a server or other Compound Redemption Processorinvolved in the methods described.

At a first step 1 Holder 400 submits Redemption Notice 401 to Depositor420 specifying Holder's 400 intent to redeem an indicative number andclass of Compound Redeemable Instruments 403 by effecting one or moreRedemption Instances 200. Depositor 420 accepts Redemption Notice 401 asRedemption Notice 421 or rejects it for incompleteness and returns it toHolder in step 1(a). At a second step 2 Depositor submits RedemptionNotice 421 to Issuer 440 specifying Holder's intent to redeem indicativenumber of Compound Redeemable Instruments by effecting one or moreRedemption Instances 200. Issuer 440 accepts Redemption Notice 421 ascomplete Redemption Notice 441 and proceeds to a third step 3 or rejectsit for incompleteness and returns it to Depositor in a Step 2(a) whothen completes it and returns it in step 2 or returns it to Holder in aStep 1(a).

In a third step 3, Issuer revises, if necessary, the specifications ofRedemption Instances 200 of FIG. 2 and produces Redemption Specification442 confirming for execution the terms of Compound Redemption Instances200 of FIG. 2. Issuer then forwards said Redemption Specification toDepositor in a fourth Step 4 who accepts it as Redemption Specification422 and forwards it in step 5 to Holder who accepts it as RedemptionSpecification 402.

In a sixth step 6 Holder assembles the proper number and classes ofCompound Redeemable Instruments 403 according to RedemptionSpecification 402 and tenders them in a seventh step 7 to Depositor whoaccepts them as Compound Redeemable Instruments 423.

In an eighth step 8 Depositor groups Compound Redeemable Instrumentsinto Instrument Sets 424 which are then tendered in a ninth step 9 tothe Issuer who accepts them as Instrument Sets 443 in exchange for AssetSets 444 which Issuer distributes to Depositor in step 10 who acceptsthem as Asset Sets 425. It will be appreciated that in alternativeembodiments of the present invention, the Issuer may retain, extinguishor reissue the Compound Redeemable Instruments received as InstrumentSets.

In an eleventh step 11 the Depositor disassembles Asset Sets 425 intoExchangeable Assets 426 and retains a portion of said ExchangeableAssets in step 12 as Redemption Fee 427. In a thirteenth step 13 the NetExchangeable Assets 428 are assembled for distribution and aredistributed in fourteenth step 14 to Holder who receives them as NetExchangeable Assets 404.

It will be appreciated that in alternate embodiments of the presentinvention, a Depositor may receive from a Holder or distribute to aHolder amounts of cash either incremental or for the entire amountsdeposited or withdrawn in order to facilitate Compound Redemptionincluding for the payment of any Redemption Fee. Furthermore, it will beappreciated that in alternate embodiments of the present invention, theDepositor may acquire Compound Redeemable Instruments and act asredeeming Holder on behalf of a third party providing cash to theDepositor in exchange for Exchangeable Assets.

It will also be appreciated that in alternate embodiments of the presentinvention, these steps described and associated with FIG. 4 through FIG.7B, or otherwise discussed in conjunction with the present invention areautomated through one or more computer systems including apparatus andexecutable code that may be executed upon command. FIGS. 8 and 9illustrate exemplary computer systems that may be used to implementfunctionality and method steps presented herein.

Referring now to FIG. 5, a flow chart illustrates steps that may beincluded, in some embodiments of the present invention relating toacquisition, ownership and disposition of Compound RedeemableInstruments 221 by Holder 220 in a specific embodiment of the presentinvention.

Beginning with step 500 Holder 220 acquires Compound RedeemableInstruments 221 through one or more of transformation, issuance orpurchase. Holder 220 may acquire Compound Redeemable Instruments throughtransformation by Issuer 210 at step 500 whereby Instruments 120previously acquired by Holder 220 become Compound Redeemable Instruments221 during the time that Holder 220 holds them.

Alternatively, Holder 220 may acquire Compound Redeemable Instruments221 through issuance at step 500 whereby Holder 220 becomes a holder bycontributing cash or Exchangeable Assets 211 to Issuer 210 in exchangefor Compound Redeemable Instruments 221. This can occur for example, byessentially running the system of Compound Redemption illustrated inFIG. 2 in reverse, such that in an instance of creation, the Holder candeposit one Asset Set of Exchangeable Assets in order to receive oneInstrument Set in Compound Redeemable Instruments. Alternatively, manysuch instances of creation can be conducted simultaneously orsequentially in order that a Holder may come to own Compound RedeemableInstruments.

In another method of acquisition, Holder 220 may acquire CompoundRedeemable Instruments 221 through purchase at step 500 whereby Holder220 acquires for consideration such as cash from another Holder 220either in an organized marketplace or otherwise Compound RedeemableInstruments 221. The marketplace may be a public marketplace such as astock exchange or may be a private marketplace such as the NASDAQ PORTALAlliance System. In addition, Compound Redeemable Instruments may beacquired through private placement, negotiated transaction, orotherwise.

In some embodiments, an issuer may require that one method or another beused exclusively in causing holders to come to own Compound RedeemableInstruments. In some embodiments, an issuer may allow that more than onemethod be used in causing holders to come to own Compound RedeemableInstruments.

At step 510 Holder 220 owns Compound Redeemable Interests 221 entitlingHolder 220 to the benefits and obligations of ownership including anyvoting rights, collateral rights, rights to receive payments, transferrights, limited liability, obligations to make payments and postcollateral, ownership restrictions and essentially any and all rightsand obligations to which the holder of a particular instrument may beentitled or obligated depending on the structure of that instrument.

By way of example, if the Compound Redeemable Instrument is a listedequity interest the Holder 220 may be entitled to voting rights anddividend income. In another example, if the Compound RedeemableInstrument 221 is a convertible debt instrument, the Holder 220 isentitled to coupon payments, conversion rights and call protection amongothers. In another example, if the Compound Redeemable Instrument 221 isa swap agreement the Holder 220 might have the right to receive and theobligation to make periodic payments.

At step 520 Holder 220 may elect to hold the Compound RedeemableInstrument 220 throughout its term and receive a payment in the form ofa Maturity Payment 521, if any, depending on a structure of the CompoundRedeemable Instrument. Alternatively, Holder 220 may elect to Sell InMarket 530 and receive Sale Proceeds 522.

Alternatively, Holder 220 may proceed to a next decision point 540 and adetermination is made as to whether Holder 220 owns a proper number ofInstrument Units to be able to redeem Compound Redeemable Instrumentsfor Exchangeable Assets. In the event that a “no” answer is received,the Holder may proceed to 500 to acquire instruments required to redeem.In the event that a “yes” answer is received, the Holder may proceed tostep 550 and submit a Notice of Redemption to Issuer 210 followed by thestep 560 which includes tendering of Compound Redeemable Instruments 221to Issuer 210 and step 570 which is the receipt from Issuer 210 ofExchangeable Assets 211. Holder 220 tenders the proper number and classof Compound Redeemable Instruments 221 comprising Instrument Units 202deposited with Issuer 210 in exchange for the proper number and class ofExchangeable Assets 211 comprising Asset Units 205 withdrawn from Issuer210.

Steps 550, 560 and 570 may utilize a Depositor 420 as an intermediarybetween Holder 400 and Issuer 440. The Depositor may be an unaffiliatedthird party such as a broker dealer or may be an affiliate of the Issueror the Issuer itself. The Depositor may receive from the Holder ordistribute to the Holder incremental amounts of cash in order tofacilitate the redemption of Instrument Units in exchange forExchangeable Assets. It will be appreciated that in alternateembodiments of the present invention, the Depositor may acquire CompoundRedeemable Instruments and act as redeeming Holder on behalf of a thirdparty providing cash to the Depositor in exchange for ExchangeableAssets.

Implementing the steps for investing in Compound Redeemable Instrumentsmandate a communications mechanism between the various entitiesreferenced in FIG. 5. This communications mechanism encompasses any andall techniques for conveying information from one place to anotherincluding, for example, wireless communications, wired communications,computer networks, fiber optics, and others.

Referring now to FIG. 5A, a flow diagram illustrates steps relating toacquisition, ownership, and disposition of Compound RedeemableInstruments by Holder 220 in one exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention.

At Step 1 Issuer 572 in FIG. 5A generally equivalent to issuer 210 inFIG. 2 issues Compound Redeemable Instruments 574, 576 and 578 each froma separate class 221 x of Compound Redeemable Instruments to Holder 573,which may be considered generally equivalent to Holder 220, for cash orExchangeable Assets 211 or otherwise. Alternatively, Holder 573, theowner of instruments 579, 580 and 581 120 x becomes the owner ofCompound Redeemable Instruments in Step 1 b through the transformationof instruments that are not compound redeemable into instruments thatare compound redeemable. Alternatively, Holder 573 acquires CompoundRedeemable Instruments 590, 592 and 594 in Step 3 through secondarymarket purchase.

At Step 2, Holder 573 disposes of Compound Redeemable Instruments 582,584 and 586 via a secondary market sale. Alternatively, in Step 4,Holder 573 redeems Instrument Set 596 equivalent to Instrument Set 201in FIG. 2 through the process of Compound Redemption.

Referring now to FIG. 6, flow chart illustrates a method of creating,redeeming, managing, administering, and extinguishing CompoundRedeemable Instruments 221 according to some embodiments of the presentinvention and generally from the perspective of a CRI system proprietor.

Compound Redeemable Instruments may be publicly or privately offered forsale. The instruments may be purchased and sold in packages orindependently. For example, the instruments may be offered via the samechannels as private placements sold to individuals or institutions oroffered via the same channels as publicly available stocks, funds,bonds, and so on. The instruments may be offered on any of a variety ofpublic or private, foreign or domestic exchanges. For example,instruments may be offered on the NASDAQ PORTAL Alliance System, NYSE,American Stock Exchange, or any of a number of exchanges, or informationpages such as Bloomberg pages or Reuter's pages as will be appreciatedby those skilled in the art. The instruments may be offered by anynumber of financial institutions such as banks, investment firms,brokers, and the like.

In some embodiments, several entities may play different roles increating instruments, managing collateral backing instrument, managingexchangeable assets or other collateral backing Instrument Sets,brokering instruments, and so forth. Various types of instruments whichmay or may not be regulated by securities law are included for referencein the attached exhibits.

At 600 an initial depositor or creator, such as a sponsor, promoter,investment banker or issuer evaluates creating a new Issuer to offerCompound Redeemable Instruments considering whether the instruments willsatisfy investor needs or issuer needs primarily. If the determinationis not to create a new issuer, step 601 comprises activities to identifyan existing operating company, special purpose vehicle or other entityas Issuer 210 issuing new Compound Redeemable Instruments or convertingexisting instruments that are not Compound Redeemable Instruments intoCompound Redeemable Instruments.

In some embodiments, the issuer is identified in part based on itsability to benefit from Compound Redeemable Instruments includinggenerating fees, improving the liquidity of its issuances and increasingmarket interest of its offerings, among others.

If the determination is to create a new issuer, step 602 comprisesinvestment-banking activity aimed at structuring and creating Issuer 210issuing new Compound Redeemable Instruments. This process contemplatesconsiderations of market demand, legal, tax, regulatory and other issuesaffecting the proper structuring of the issuer.

At 603, Issuer 210 specifies Compound Redeemable Instruments. In oneexample, an issuer is a new special purpose vehicle and the instrumentsspecified are a single class of equity and a single class of debt eachto be issued as Compound Redeemable Instruments 221. In another example,an issuer is an existing corporation with one class of equity and oneclass of convertible bonds outstanding that the issuer specifies to beCompound Redeemable Instruments 221. Step 603 also includes specifyingInstrument Units 202, Exchangeable Assets 211 and Asset Units 205.

Selection of instruments, and redemption features, including backingCompound Redeemable Instruments with Exchangeable Assets or othercollateral, may be determined in order to be attractive to themarketplace. Such collateral may be separate and apart from anycollateral associated with any individual instrument or assetindividually.

At 604, a determination is made to require the deposit of ExchangeableAssets or other collateral to back the issuer's obligation to redeemCompound Redeemable Instruments. This involves analyzing the investmentcharacteristics of said assets including whether the assets are hardassets or financial assets and any applicable factors such as liquidity,transferability, maturity, coupons, dividends, settlement, paymentdates, ratings and market capitalization and estimates as to the timingand amount of payments produced under a variety of scenarios. If thedetermination is yes, said assets are received and managed by the issueror its agent in step 605. In the case of newly issued CompoundRedeemable Instruments, the issuer may receive assets or the cashequivalent amount used to acquire assets in this step. In the case ofexisting instruments which may not initially be Compound RedeemableInstruments but are converted into Compound Redeemable Instruments, theissuer may use existing funding to acquire said assets. The managementof the assets is effected by the issuer or a representative of theissuer and may include active management, passive management or nomanagement at all. If the determination in step 604 is not to depositassets then the issuer's obligation to redeem Instrument Sets may bebased on the issuer's credit, a third party guarantee or otherwise.

At 606, the Compound Redeemable Instruments 221 are implemented in themarketplace. In the case of newly issued Compound RedeemableInstruments, the instruments are distributed into the marketplace byoffering or otherwise. In the case of existing instruments that are notCompound Redeemable Instruments, but that are converted into CompoundRedeemable Instruments, these instruments become Compound RedeemableInstruments 221 in this step.

At 607, the issuer supports trading, tracking and reporting of CompoundRedeemable Instruments 221. This includes the use of electroniccomputing and networking technologies enabling automated means toperform computation and data processing to support the trading ofCompound Redeemable Instruments and reporting of financial documents,financial analysis, market-based valuations, computerized redemption andcreation support, and support for various markets including options,futures and lending products and markets tied to Compound RedeemableInstruments.

At 608, the issuer administers terms of instruments. Terms may includemaking payments due under the terms of Compound Redeemable Instruments221. The payments may include interest payments, dividend payments, swappayments, payments in settlement of options or contracts or any otherdistributions required under the terms of the Compound RedeemableInstruments.

At 609, the issuer makes adjustments, if any, to the Instrument Set andAsset Set. Adjustments may be based on changes to the underlyingCompound Redeemable Instruments 221 for corporate events includingsplits, payments in kind, liquidating dividends, net settlement ofcontracts or any other events that impact the make-up of InstrumentUnits. They may also be based on changes to the underlying ExchangeableAssets. For financial assets this might include corporate eventsincluding, for example: splits, payments in kind, liquidating dividends,net settlement of contracts or other events that impact the make-up ofAsset Units.

In the case of hard assets, it might include adjustments for spoilage,carrying costs, insurance, damages or others that impact the make-up ofAsset Units. Also in step 609, the issuer adjusts or doesn't adjust themultipliers u 206 and v 203 indicating the number of Asset Units 205 inthe Asset Set redeeming per number of Instrument Units 202 in theInstrument Set. For example the issuer may change these on a regularbasis to reflect its income or expenses for administrative or otherreasons, including those associated with holding Exchangeable Assets orother assets. Alternatively, some or all of the multipliers u and v, theInstrument Unit and the Asset Unit may be fixed such that no periodic orother adjustments or determinations are necessary. Alternatively, someor all of the multipliers u and v, the Instrument Unit and the AssetUnit may be fixed such that no periodic or other adjustments ordeterminations are permitted. Alternatively, some or all of themultipliers u and v, the Instrument Unit and the Asset Unit may be fixedsuch that no periodic or other adjustments or determinations or arepermitted other than in specified situations.

At 610, the issuer redeems Compound Redeemable Instruments 221 inexchange for Exchangeable Assets 211 based on the Redemption Rationumber of Asset Units 205 comprising Exchangeable Assets 211 or the cashequivalent thereof or both for Instrument Units 202 comprising CompoundRedeemable Instruments 221 or the cash equivalent thereof or both. Theday-to-day operation of the system including various aspects of step 609is illustrated in detail in FIG. 12.

At 611, the issuer distributes Exchangeable Assets 211 or the cashequivalent thereof or both to the Holder 220 of the Compound RedeemableInstruments redeeming.

At 612, the determination is made to continue the operations of theIssuer 210. If the determination is made to not continue operations,remaining Compound Redeemable Instruments are paid in step 615 and theIssuer's use of Compound Redeemable Instruments is terminated. If thedetermination is made to continue operations then determination may bemade in step 613 to expand operations or to not expand operations. Ifthe determination is made to expand operations then the process isre-started at step 603. In the event that the determination is made tonot expand operations then any remaining Compound Redeemable Instrumentsand associated assets, if any, are managed for the benefit of anyremaining Holders until the expiration, if applicable, of said CompoundRedeemable Instruments. If the determination is made to not expandoperations then management of remaining instruments continues in 614.

In some embodiments, in order to keep the Compound RedeemableInstruments as competitive instruments in the marketplace, an issuer ofCompound Redeemable Instruments may, from time to time, reset the termsof the Compound Redeemable Instruments through corporate actions orotherwise. For example, this may be done periodically or in response toeconomic factors that undesirably alter the attractiveness of theCompound Redeemable Instruments as an investment. This resetting may bedone for example to reduce the cost of a Compound Redeemable Instrumentthat is a share of stock through a stock split. Such an event will haveramifications for the determinants of Compound Redemption requiringadjustments within the system. For example, the coefficients of theInstrument Unit, Asset Unit or Redemption Ratio might require adjustmentas a result.

Various embodiments may also include mechanisms for adjusting theholdings of Exchangeable Assets by the issuer to a level that insuresits ability to make good on Compound Redemptions as they occur. Forexample the minimum ratio of Asset Sets to Instrument Sets may be 100%in the case of an issuer that is a special purpose vehicle intended tohave no credit risk. Alternatively, an operating business issuer with astrong credit rating and ready access to financing might deem a ratio ofAsset Sets to Instrument Sets on hand of 10% to be sufficient.Accordingly, in either case, some embodiments may include an automaticasset purchase plan implemented as an automated part of the system toinsure that the proper level is maintained.

In still other embodiments, the function of establishing the CompoundRedeemable Instruments and the Redemption Instances may be accomplishedand managed by the Compound Redemption Processor in accordance withthose methods outlined in example of FIG. 6. The operation of thissystem mandates a communications mechanism between the various entitiesidentified in FIG. 6. This communications mechanism encompasses any andall apparatus for conveying information from one place to anotherincluding, for example, wireless communications, wired communications,computer networks, fiber optics, and others.

Referring now to FIGS. 7A and 7B, according to various embodiments ofthe present invention, execution of orders by issuance, redemption ormatching and clearing of buy and sell orders for Compound RedeemableInstruments can be accomplished by processing logic and control commandssuch as those illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B.

FIG. 7A illustrates some exemplary embodiments in the form of a logicflow chart depicting the Instrument Order Processor. Beginning at start700 in FIG. 7A, the order entry subroutine is detailed. Orders arereceived at 705 from investors or brokers via access devices such asworkports, telephone, telefax, internet or other access devices 805 orinternet link 970. Orders may consist of market orders (to buy or sell aspecific number of a specific Compound Redeemable Instrument at anyprice) or limit orders (to buy a specific number of Compound RedeemableInstruments at or below a certain price or to sell a specific number ofCompound Redeemable Instruments at or above a certain price), bids andoffers, hits and takes, or possibly other kinds of orders.

Data descriptive of buy and sell orders is stored at 710 in a pendingorder list for each Compound Redeemable Instrument in what isessentially equivalent to a book window in the trading system. In someembodiments, the buy and sell orders are arranged in the book windowwith the highest bid at the top of one column and the highest offer atthe top of another column, with prices listed in descending value. At715, additional orders may be considered and at 720, the process willfinish.

Referring now to FIG. 7B, some exemplary embodiments are illustratedincluding a Compound Redeemable Instrument trading, issuance andredemption system. As illustrated, the system begins at 750. In asubroutine beginning at 751, pending order lists corresponding to eachCompound Redeemable Instrument are individually accessed and searched.At 752, if a buy order for a Compound Redeemable Instrument is matchedwith an identical sell order for a Compound Redeemable Instrument, thoseinstruments are traded at 753 without the creation or redemption of anyadditional Compound Redeemable Instruments. Orders can be removed fromthe pending order list at 754 and processing returns to 752 to searchfor additional matching orders. When no additional matches are presentin the pending order list for the current Compound RedeemableInstrument, the “no” path from 752 is followed and processing loops tothe next Compound Redeemable Instrument in the system.

When all matching orders in the system have been processed, logicextends to 756, whereupon the buy orders in the pending order lists forall Compound Redeemable Instruments in the system are together searchedto determine whether to form an Instrument Set. An Instrument Setcomprises the Compound Redeemable Instruments in a Redemption Instance200. The sum of the buy orders in the Instrument Set is compared to theacquisition value of the Exchangeable Assets in the Asset Set at 757. Ifthe sum of the buy orders in the Instrument Set exceeds the acquisitionvalue of the Exchangeable Assets in the Asset Set, 757 branches to aprocessing routine, beginning at 758, for creating new CompoundRedeemable Instruments then deletes these buy orders from the pendingorder list at 758.5, before returning to loop 756 to search foradditional Instrument Sets. Alternatively, if the sum of the buy ordersin the identified path does not exceed the total value of the path, thepath identified in 756 is rejected at test 757 and different pathcombinations are searched.

The Instrument Set and the Asset Set described above for the creation ofCompound Redeemable Instruments assumes equivalent specifications to theInstrument Set and Asset Set specified in the Redemption Instance 200.It is possible that alternative Instrument Set and Asset Setspecifications be used for instruments issued and assets depositedcompared to those for instruments redeemed and assets withdrawn in orderto embed profit spreads or for other reasons.

If no additional Instrument Sets are located in subroutine 756,processing can continue, for example, with a subroutine beginning at760, whereupon the sell orders in the pending order lists for allCompound Redeemable Instruments in the system are together searched todetermine whether to form an Instrument Set. The sum of the sell ordersin the Instrument Set is compared to the total disposition value of theExchangeable Assets in the Asset Set at 761. If the sum of the sellorders in the Instrument Set is less than the disposition value of theExchangeable Assets in the Redemption Instance 200, 761 branches to aprocessing routine, beginning at 762, for redeeming Compound RedeemableInstruments then deletes these sell orders from the pending order listat 762.5, before returning to loop 760 to search for additionalInstrument Sets. Alternatively, if the sum of the sell orders in theidentified path is not less than the total value of the path, the pathidentified in 760 is rejected at test 761 and different pathcombinations are searched. When all Instrument Sets are identified, thesubroutine ends at 759. Alternatively, the subroutines of FIG. 7B may beperformed in a different order, e.g., beginning at 751, 756, or 760 asseparate or concurrent subroutines or both.

In some exemplary embodiments, the execution of buy and sell orders maybe connected to procedures whereby trade is suspended in unusual marketsituations similar to circuit breakers of certain exchanges. Theexecution of buy and sell orders may be limited to certain classes ofcustomers, such as dealers. The execution of the buy and sell orders mayalso be connected to a market surveillance system, such as those atexisting at exchanges, to check for attempts at manipulation or otherillegal or otherwise unacceptable trading practices.

Generally, three primary functions may be included in CompoundRedemption Processor logic command instructions. Some embodiments of thethree functions will be considered in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 respectively.

Referring now to FIG. 10, in some embodiments, a first function mayallow controlled creation of the Redemption Instance by definingparameters of an Instrument Set comprising Compound RedeemableInstruments newly created from scratch or transformed from outstandingissuer instruments not Compound Redeemable Instruments redeeming for anAsset Set comprising specified Exchangeable Assets.

FIG. 11 considers a second function to formulate computer files anddisplay forming the foundation for Redemption Instances.

FIG. 12 considers a third function can include management of RedemptionInstances and issuance on a day-to-day basis. In each case, the criticalcontrolling data must be stored in the properly configured database.

The first of these three functions is important, as success in offeringrequires identifying the appropriate risk categories and structuraldesign for the Redemption Instance. Demand for Compound RedeemableInstruments and associated Exchangeable Assets may be changing all thetime.

For example, in some embodiments, investor demand for CompoundRedeemable Instruments linked to large capitalization exchange-listedequities may suddenly change to demand linked to small capitalizationexchange-listed equities because of changes in market sentiment. Inanother example, investor demand for Compound Redeemable Instrumentswith a high ratio of Asset Sets owned by the issuer compared toInstrument Sets outstanding may be particularly important to investorsin times of credit sensitivity, whereas in times of stable markets, anissuer's credit alone may be sufficient to back potential redemptions ofCompound Redeemable Instruments. The system can be designed to allow thecreation of new Compound Redeemable Instruments as automatically aspossible by a trained representative of the system proprietor operatingthe Compound Redemption Processor or even possibly by broker clientsthemselves. If the cost of creating new Compound Redeemable Instrumentsis kept relatively low, then many more such Compound RedeemableInstruments should ultimately be created.

In some embodiments, the first function can be accomplished inaccordance with an exemplary logic flow chart such as the one depictedin FIG. 10. Logic conceptually begins at a “start” position 1000 andcontinues to 1005 wherein an indicative Redemption Instance underconsideration, Instance (I), is entered by the system user. Instance (I)may include relevant indicative terms of each of the two or moreCompound Redeemable Instruments of different classes under considerationincluding their legal structures whether they be debt, equity, contractor otherwise, their maturity if applicable, their payoff structure,collateral backing, underlying reference indices or other returndeterminants. It may also include identification of the contemplatedExchangeable Assets for Redemption Instances and specify an indicativenumber and ratio of Compound Redeemable Instruments comprising theInstrument Set redeeming in exchange for the indicative number and ratioof Exchangeable Assets comprising the Asset Set.

The system may first test whether or not a Redemption Instance underconsideration is new and cannot be approximated by either an existingRedemption Instance; a Redemption Instance already defined; a RedemptionInstance with slightly different terms; or by groupings or combinationsof thereof.

In an initial run 1010, a CRI system can search over existing RedemptionInstances, the possibilities for new Redemption Instances with slightlydifferent terms, or groupings or combinations thereof in order todisplay the characteristics of the Redemption Instances that may be thusgenerated.

In some embodiments, another Redemption Instance with slightly differentterms may be close enough to that proposed. Some embodiments maytherefore include a user that signals that an entered RedemptionInstance is not sufficiently new, or if one of the possibilities putforward is satisfactory, logic branches to 1015 and existing records arepulled from a database for the already extant Redemption Instanceincluding the instruments and assets or group thereof comprising theinstance, with logic shifted to a separate subroutine 1020.

In some circumstances, such as, for example, in a corporate financingfor an operating issuer, a Redemption Instance that is not otherwiseconsidered sufficiently new still results in a positive response to test1010.

A positive response to test 1010 branches logic to 1025 wherein theparameters of the Compound Redeemable Instruments and ExchangeableAssets, including the number and class of Compound RedeemableInstruments redeeming in exchange for Exchangeable Assets are specified.Requirements concerning the relative proportion of different classes ofCompound Redeemable Instruments permitted to be outstanding can bespecified and the instruments can be created. It is contemplated that incertain cases this limitation will correspond to coefficients ofredemption for each specified class and in other cases it will not. Therequirement for collateral, if any, in the form of Exchangeable Assetsor otherwise to back instances of redemption is specified. The systemcontinues to 1030 wherein the database is updated to include thespecified information.

At 1035 a CRI system may query concerning a default cycle for reviewingthe Redemption Instance for adjustment. A negative response to the queryallows custom entry of a controlling cycle at 1050 setting the timeinterval between adjustments. A positive response defaults thecontrolling interval to a system-stored value, 1040 and 1045. Thiscompletes the first portion of the processing with logic shifted to thenext sequence, 1055.

It is appreciated that a single issuer can provide for more than onetype of Redemption Instance comprising different sets of instruments andassets and apply the above logic running in parallel or staggered to twoor more different types of Redemption Instances involving similar ordifferent Compound Redeemable Instruments, Exchangeable Assets,Instrument Sets and Asset Sets compared to other Redemption Instances.

Referring now to FIG. 11, formulation of the Redemption Instance andassociated computer files and displays forming the foundation for theRedemption Instance in some embodiments is accomplished by the logiccommands shown in FIG. 11. Beginning at 1100, a Process Manager mayprovide a server running executable software with logic that may firstenable the entry of the pending Redemption Instance, Instance(I) 1105.This may include the Instrument Set and Asset Set comprising saidRedemption Instance. The software may check whether an Instance is a newInstance at 1110. If it is not a new Instance, the system is directed toa separate subroutine 1115. If it is a new Instance, the logic continuesto 1120 wherein the parameters specifying the Redemption Instance areentered. This may include an Instrument Set, coefficient v, InstrumentUnit, coefficients r_(1-x), and Compound Redeemable Instruments R_(1-x).It may also include the Asset Set, coefficient u, Asset Unit,coefficients e_(1-d), and Exchangeable Assets E_(1-d).

At 1130 the logic queries whether collateral is required to back theissuer's redemption obligations under the Redemption Instance. If yes,the Collateral Balance required per Redemption Instance can be enteredat 1135. The Collateral may take the form of any type of collateral inany amount specified by the system including Exchangeable Assets orother collateral in an amount less than, equal to or greater than thatsufficient to satisfy the requirement of the Issuer to distributeExchangeable Assets in a Redemption Instance. Implementation is made at1140 wherein the collateral account is set up. This account may be heldand managed by a third party or the issuer or some combination thereof.The account may be managed actively, passively or not at all. The systemchecks in 1145 whether custom account parameters are required. If yes,entry occurs in 1150, otherwise default values are entered in 1155.

As previously described, the system may include a communications linkbetween various participants and governing institutions. A book windowis created at 1160 for traders on the trading system, indicating theinitial Instrument Set comprising Compound Redeemable Instrumentsredeeming in exchange for the initial Asset Set comprising ExchangeableAssets even though no instruments yet exist. As such, in some exemplaryembodiments, customers may place orders that will appear on the bookwindow. To create a first Instrument Set, a CRI trading system may firstidentify an Instrument Set whose offer value equals (or exceeds) thedisposition value of the Asset Set unless the issuer is willing to riskpotential arbitrage losses by allowing for the creation of Instrumentscosting less than their redemption value. Unless an issuer creates afirst Instrument Set by transforming outstanding instruments that arenot Compound Redeemable Instruments into Compound RedeemableInstruments, when an Instrument Set is first created the issuer must benotified with the transfer of funds or assets in payment of saidInstrument Set. This is the case unless funds or assets are to betransferred to a repository other than the issuer such as a bank, orsimilar repository of capital, in which case creation of the InstrumentSet is specified in advance. Thereafter, the system can fill orders bothby exchanging existing Compound Redeemable Instruments and by findingInstrument Sets among orders 1165. During the routine operation of thesystem, the system proprietor will be directly responsible forcalculating and updating the parameters comprising the RedemptionInstance and administering the Collateral Account. The issuer isappraised in 1170.

Returning to FIG. 11 after the database is updated with current (andnew) Redemption Instance specifications logic queries on the nextInstance value (I+1) at 1175; if another batch is ready, logic continuesto the beginning and the process is repeated for the next in series.

Referring now to FIG. 12, in some embodiments, day-to-day operation of aCRI system can include analysis of a variety of time-varying inputs andselective calculation of a number of distinct variables to allowoperation of the process of Compound Redemption. A number and proportionof Compound Redeemable Instruments redeeming in exchange for a numberand proportion of Exchangeable Assets is processed by the system in theRedemption Instance as previously illustrated in FIG. 2. In FIG. 12,several of the operations and routine procedures enabling the RedemptionInstance are depicted as examples of system processing, recognizing thatmany other variables are tracked in like fashion and many othervariations of the system are possible.

Beginning with 1200, logic in FIG. 12 first inputs the current date,date(T), and enters this into the process at 1205. The file for thecurrent Instrument Unit is recalled and read in 1210. The event date fora change in any of the instruments comprising the Instrument Unit iscompared to the present date to determine if the current date is anevent date for adjusting the Instrument Unit. A positive response totest 1215 reflects the match of dates causing logic of the system torecall the proportion of Compound Redeemable Instruments R_(1-x)according to coefficients r_(1-x) comprising the current Instrument UnitFIG. 2 202 in 1220. A determination is made in 1225 as to whether theInstrument Unit requires rebalancing to reflect changes, if any, in itscomposition for reasons of operation of the instruments such ascorporate actions, maturity events, or distributions affecting CompoundRedeemable Instruments, legal or regulatory requirements or marketingreasons. For example, a 2:1 split in common equity Compound RedeemableInstruments may result in double the number of shares after theInstrument Unit adjustment. In the event that the determination callsfor rebalancing, the database is updated in 1230 accordingly to reflectthe new composition of the Instrument Unit.

Continuing, the system can recall and read the file for the currentAsset Unit in 1235. The event date is compared to the present date todetermine if the current date is an event date for adjusting the AssetUnit. A positive response to test 1240 reflects the match of datescausing logic of the system to recall the proportion of ExchangeableAssets E_(1-d) according to coefficients e_(1-d) comprising the currentAsset Unit FIG. 2 205 in 1245. A determination is made in 1250 as towhether the Asset Unit requires rebalancing to reflect changes, if any,in its composition for reasons such as the loss or changes inExchangeable Assets held or referenced, operation of financial assetssuch as corporate actions or others, legal or regulatory requirements ormarketing reasons. For example, a loss of half an Exchangeable Assetheld by the issuer due to theft may result in half the amount of suchasset after the Asset Unit adjustment, assuming the issuer was able topass through such loss. In another example, bonds may be received undera swap agreement and be included as an Exchangeable Asset in an AssetUnit after the Asset Unit adjustment. In the event that thedetermination calls for rebalancing, the database is updated in 1255accordingly to reflect the new composition of the Asset Unit.

Continuing with the example, a CRI system may recall and read the filefor the current Redemption Ratio in 1260. The event date is compared tothe present date to determine if the current date is an event date foradjusting the Redemption Ratio. A positive response to test 1265reflects the match of dates causing logic of the system to recall themultipliers v for example, as illustrated in FIG. 2 at 203 and u in FIG.2 at 206 comprising the Redemption Ratio in 1270.

A determination may be made in 1275 as to whether the Redemption Ratiorequires recalculation to reflect any changes in the coefficientsdetermining the Redemption Ratio for reasons such as income and expensesassessed by the system. For example, income attributable to ExchangeableAssets held by an issuer might be used by the system to increase thenumber of Asset Units or decrease the number of Instrument Units in aRedemption Instance.

In another example, in some embodiments, expenses of an issuer can becalculated by a CRI system to increase a number of Instrument Units ordecrease a number of Asset Units in a Redemption Instance. In the eventthat a determination calls for recalculation, the database can beupdated in 1280 to reflect the new Redemption Ratio. The entire processcan be repeated for the next Redemption Instance by incrementingInstance variable “I” in 1285.

Apparatus

Referring now to FIG. 8, exemplary apparatus with which the presentinvention may be implemented is presented in block form, generallyhighlighting the components of a computer system adapted and configuredfor implementing the innovative aspects discussed herein. In someembodiments, a computer system can include a central processor (CPU) 800linked to a main database 801.

The main database includes archival data associated with the variousinstruments, customers and assets, and allows proper manipulation of theunderlying parameters in accordance with system logic. The databasestructure is outlined in detail in the database structure section below.The logic controlling the system operation may be stored in discretememory 802.

A user interface may be presented on the display 803. The user interfaceincludes one or both of human readable graphics and text which representdata included in one or both of the main database 801 and the discretememory.

One aspect of the foregoing system involves the input of informationinto the apparatus that may affect or determine the price of CompoundRedeemable Instruments such as information concerning the terms,issuance, redemption and management of Compound Redeemable Instruments.Accordingly, the system apparatus includes at least one communicationlink 804 to a network for proper controlled communication to variousinstitutions, investors or other participants involved in CRIinstruments. Such participants utilize access devices 805 such asworkstations located at remote locations, but in communication with thesystem. It is expected that the issuers, the depositor, the referenceinformation provider(s), the brokers handling transactions withinvestors and the investors themselves, will each respectivelycommunicate with a CRI system proprietor.

System apparatus can include digital electronic circuitry includedwithin computer hardware, firmware, software, or in combinationsthereof. Additionally, aspects of the invention can be implementedmanually. Apparatus of the invention can be implemented in a computerprogram product tangibly embodied in a machine-readable storage devicefor execution by a programmable processor and method actions can beperformed by a programmable processor executing a program ofinstructions to perform functions of the invention by operating on inputdata and generating output. The present invention may be implementedadvantageously in one or more computer programs that are executable on aprogrammable system including at least one programmable processorcoupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data andinstructions to, a data storage system, at least one input device, andat least one output device. Each computer program can be implemented ina high-level procedural or object oriented programming language, or inassembly or machine language if desired, and in any case, the languagecan be a compiled or interpreted language. Suitable processors include,by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors.

Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from aread-only memory and/or a random access memory. Generally, a computerwill include one or more mass storage devices for storing data files;such devices include magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks andremovable disks magneto-optical disks and optical disks. Storage devicessuitable for tangibly embodying computer program instructions and datainclude all forms of non-volatile memory, including, by way of example,semiconductor memory devices, such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memorydevices; magnetic disks such as, internal hard disks and removabledisks; magneto-optical disks; and CD_ROM disks. Any of the foregoing canbe supplemented by, or incorporated in, ASICs (application-specificintegrated circuits).

In some embodiments, implementation of the features of the presentinvention is accomplished via digital computer utilizing uniquelydefined controlling logic, wherein the computer system includes anintegrated network between and among the various participants inCompound Redeemable Instruments.

The specific hardware configuration used is not particularly critical,as long as the processing power is adequate in terms of memory,information updating, order execution, redemption and issuance. Anynumber of commercially available database engines may allow forsubstantial account coverage and expansion. The controlling logic uses alanguage and compiler to match that on the CPU 800. These selectionswill be set according to per se well-known conventions in the softwarecommunity.

Referring now to FIG. 9, additional aspects of computer hardware usefulfor implementing the present invention are illustrated as a blockdiagram that includes a computer system 950 upon which an embodiment ofthe invention may be implemented. Computer system 950 includes a bus 952or other communication mechanism for communicating information, and aprocessor 954 coupled with bus 952 for processing information. Computersystem 950 also includes a main memory 956, such as a random accessmemory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device, coupled to bus 952 forstoring information and instructions to be executed by processor 954.Main memory 956 may also be used for storing temporary variables orother intermediate information during execution of instructions to beexecuted by processor 954. Computer system 950 further includes a readonly memory (ROM) 958 or other static storage device 960, such as amagnetic disk or optical disk, may be provided and coupled to bus 952for storing information and instructions.

Computer system 950 may be coupled via bus 952 to a display 962, such asa cathode ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD), for displayinginformation to a computer user. An input device 964, includingalphanumeric and other keys, may be coupled to bus 952 for communicatinginformation and command selections to processor 954. Another type ofuser input device is cursor control 966, such as a mouse, a trackball, atouchpad, or cursor direction keys for communicating directioninformation and command selections to processor 954 and for controllingcursor movement on display 962. This input device typically has twodegrees of freedom in two axes, a first axis (e.g., x) and a second axis(e.g., y), that allows the device to specify positions in a plane.

The invention is related to the use of computer system 950 for CompoundRedeemable Instruments. According to one embodiment of the invention,Compound Redeemable Instruments are defined and managed by computersystem 950 in response to processor 954 executing one or more sequencesof one or more instructions contained in main memory 956. Suchinstructions may be read into main memory 956 from anothercomputer-readable medium, such as storage device 960. Execution of thesequences of instructions contained in main memory 956 causes processor954 to perform the process steps described herein. In alternativeembodiments, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or incombination with software instructions to implement the invention. Thus,embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combinationof hardware circuitry and software.

The term “computer-readable medium” as used herein refers to any mediumthat participates in providing instructions to processor 954 forexecution. Such a medium may take many forms, including but not limitedto, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media.Non-volatile media includes, for example, optical or magnetic disks,such as storage device 960. Volatile media includes dynamic memory, suchas main memory 956. Transmission media includes coaxial cables, copperwire and fiber optics, including the wires that comprise bus 952.Transmission media can also take the form of acoustic or light waves,such as those generated during radio wave and infrared datacommunications.

Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, a floppydisk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, or any other magneticmedium, a CD-ROM, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, anyother physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM,a FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave asdescribed hereinafter, or any other medium from which a computer canread.

Various forms of computer readable media may be involved in carrying oneor more sequences of one or more instructions to processor 954 forexecution. For example, the instructions may initially be carried on amagnetic disk of a remote computer. The remote computer can load theinstructions into its dynamic memory and send the instructions over atelephone line using a modem. A modem local to computer system 950 canreceive the data on the telephone line and use an infrared transmitterto convert the data to an infrared signal. An infrared detector canreceive the data carried in the infrared signal and appropriatecircuitry can place the data on bus 952. Bus 952 carries the data tomain memory 956, from which processor 954 retrieves and executes theinstructions. The instructions received by main memory 956 mayoptionally be stored on storage device 960 either before or afterexecution by processor 954.

Computer system 950 also includes a communication interface 969 coupledto bus 952. Communication interface 969 provides a two-way datacommunication coupling to a network link 970 that may be connected to alocal network 972. For example, communication interface 969 may be anintegrated services digital network (ISDN) card or a modem a datacommunication connection to a corresponding type of telephone line. Asanother example, communication interface 969 may be a local area network(LAN) card a data communication connection to a compatible LAN. Wirelesslinks may also be implemented. In any such implementation, communicationinterface 969 sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic or opticalsignals that carry digital data streams representing various types ofinformation.

Network link 970 typically provides data communication through one ormore networks to other data devices. For example, network link 970provides a connection through local network 972 to a host computer 974or to data equipment operated by an Internet Service Provider (ISP) 976.ISP 976 in turn provides data communication services through theworldwide packet data communication network now commonly referred to asthe “Internet” 979. Local network 972 and Internet 979 both useelectrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital datastreams. The signals through the various networks and the signals on thenetwork link 970 and through communication interface 969, which carrythe digital data to and from computer system 950 are exemplary forms ofcarrier waves transporting the information.

Computer system 950 can send messages and receive data, includingprogram code, through the network(s), network link 970 and communicationinterface 969. In the Internet example, a server 990 might transmit arequested code for an application program through Internet 979, ISP 976,local network 972 and communication interface 969. In accordance withthe invention, one such downloaded application provides for values ofExchangeable Assets upon redemption of Compound Redeemable Instrumentsas described herein.

Processor 954 may execute the received code as it is received, and/orstored in storage device 960, or other non-volatile storage for laterexecution. In this manner, computer system 950 may obtain applicationcode in the form of a carrier wave.

An alternative configuration involves, instead of access device 805 as aworkstation linked by windows, an Internet web site allowing tradedirectly over the Internet. Use of the system may still be restricted tobrokers, if that were to be the objective, by suitable passwordprocedures.

Access devices 805 may therefore include any device capable ofinteracting with computer system 950 or other service provider. Someexemplary devices may include, a personal digital assistant, a mobilephone, a netbook, a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a terminal, akiosk or other type of automated apparatus.

Examples

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that numerous embodimentsof Compound Redeemable Instruments and Exchangeable Assets are possible.Included herein are some examples of various embodiments illustratingdifferent aspects of the present invention including: derivative onilliquid underlying including arbitrage; synthetic short stock position;collateralized bond obligation; securitized prime brokerage, andoperating issuer.

Referring now to FIG. 13, a spreadsheet illustrates some exemplaryevents and calculations of an Instrument Set 1303 and Asset Set 1304resulting from associated changes in one or more coefficients andmultipliers determining them as they relate to Sequential Events 1305.The Instrument Set 1303 includes one or more Instruments 1301 and theAsset Set 1304 includes one or more Assets 1302. Examples may includecalculations for relative and absolute numbers of Compound RedeemableInstruments and Exchangeable Assets comprising the instances of CompoundRedemption which can be implemented in the form of method steps onautomated apparatus, such as a Compound Redemption Processor. It isappreciated that in various embodiments certain events may be treated ina variety of different ways. For example, the payment of expenses or theattribution of income may be embedded in the terms of a CompoundRedeemable Instrument such as a warrant referencing an index that isadjusted for such expenses paid or income attributed.

Referring now to FIG. 14, a table 1400 includes a list of exemplaryCompound Redeemable Instruments 1401 and a corresponding exemplaryExchangeable Assets 1402. It is pointed out that the table 1400illustrates how Financial Instruments 1403 included in the CRI portionof the table 1401 and additional Financial Instruments 1404 and assetsmaking up the correlating EA 1402 are from different classes in eachexample. It is also pointed out that in each case the CRIs 1401 includeFinancial Instruments 1404 of more than one class. More specifically,the examples include: a CRI equity share and a CRI bond which correlatewith an EA of an ounce of gold; a CRI unit and a CRI contract with an EAof a U.S. Treasury Bond; a CRI unit and a CRI contract with an EA of anequity share in a first corporation ABC and an EA of an equity share ina second corporation DEF; a CRI senior bond, two CRI junior bonds and aCRI share with correlating EAs comprising 0.2% of a market bondportfolio; two CRI units and seven CRI notes with correlating EAscomprising 0.1% of fund assets; one CRI common share and one CRIpreferred share with correlating EAs of ten EA Product X's and five EAProduct Y's; one Issuer A long index-linked ETN and one Issuer A shortindex-linked ETN redeeming for one Issuer A straight coupon bond.Numerous other Compound Redeemable Instruments and correlatingExchangeable Assets are also within the scope of the present invention.

Referring now to FIG. 15, in the case of a derivative on illiquidunderlying, at 1501 CRIs include instruments of two or more differentclasses, such as, for example, one or more derivative contractsreferencing climate and one or more trust units. A Special PurposeVehicle (sometimes referred to as a “SPV”) issuer 1502 may issue theCRIs with a guarantee of redemption for EA 1503, such as, as shown, oneounce of gold. At 1504, a table is included which illustrates a relativevalue of the CRIs and the EA at three different time periods. Asillustrated, the arbitrage amount may be negative or positive duringdifferent periods. For simplicity, a bid-offer spread is notincorporated in the illustration.

Referring now to FIG. 16, an example of CRIs including a synthetic shortstock position. In this example, CRIs include one hundred CRI ABCforwards issued by the issuer and one hundred CRI short units beingequity units of the issuer with EAs being XYZ bonds. Once again, it ispointed out that the Financial Instruments comprising the CRIs that areABC forwards and the CRIs that are short units are of disparate classes.It is also pointed out that the Financial Instruments included in theEAs being bonds of issuer XYZ are of disparate classes than the CRIs. Itis noted that at least two CRIs in an instance of Compound Redemptionwill be of different classes from each other. At 1604 a table ofexemplary pricing is included with zero arbitrage. For simplicity, abid-offer spread is not incorporated in the illustration.

Referring now to FIG. 17, an example that includes a collateralized bondobligation is illustrated. In this example, CRIs 1701 includes multiplebond type Financial Instruments, including: a senior bond, three seniorsub bonds, a mezzanine bond, two subordinate bonds ad one equity unit.An SPV issuer 1702 of the CRIs may offer correlating EAs 1703 whichinclude specified junk bonds which may be described as a fraction of areferenced junk bond portfolio that may be held by a third party or theSPV or not held.

FIG. 18 illustrates another example, this one directed towards asecuritized prime brokerage scenario. As illustrated, CRIs 1801 mayinclude investor debt and investor equity of a hedge fund issuer 1802providing for correlating EAs 1803 which include a percentage of itshedge fund portfolio.

Referring now to FIG. 19, still another example illustrates an operatingissuer 1902 with CRIs 1901 that include a bond, described therein as anABC bond, two shares of ABC preferred stock and ten shares of ABC commonstock. The operating issuer 1902 may provide EAs which include one ormore of collateralized and uncollateralized assets of ABC which mayinclude its own securities, products and services, among others.

In another aspect of the present invention, the following data fieldsmay be included by way of an exemplary arrangement of fields that may beincluded in a database useful for implementing some aspects of thepresent invention. The database, may, for example, have data populatedand extracted via executable code running on a Compound RedeemableInstruments data processor.

Exemplary Database Structure Format: Records Fields Instrument HolderInformation

Customer I.D. Number:

Name or firm:

Address:

Instrument ID Numbers*:

Current Numbers of Instruments Owned per ID Number*:

Transaction ID Numbers*:

Transaction Information

Transaction ID Number:

Instrument ID Number:

Buyer ID Number:

Seller ID Number:

Trade, Transformation, Issuance, Redemption:

Date and Time of Transaction:

Number of Instruments:

Price (Trade):

Instrument Unit ID Number:

Instrument Set ID Number:

Buy and Sell Orders

Order Number:

Customer ID Number:

Buy Order or Sell Order:

Instrument ID Number:

If Market Order: Number Instruments

If Limit Order: Price and Number of Instruments

If Stop Order: Price and Number of Instruments

Order Date and Time*:

Order Expiration Date and Time:

Issuance

Issuance ID Number:

Instrument ID Number:

Customer ID Numbers*:

Number Issued*:

Date and Time*:

Transformation

Transformation ID Number:

Instrument ID Number:

Customer ID Numbers*:

Number Transformed*:

Date and Time*:

Redemption Instance

Instance ID Number:

Instrument Set ID Number:

Asset Set ID Number:

Customer ID Numbers*:

Number Instrument Sets Redeemed*:

Date and Time*:

Instrument Set

Instrument Set ID Number:

Instrument Set Multiplier (v):

Instrument Unit ID Number:

Update Frequency:

Previous Update Date:

Next Update Date:

Number Outstanding:

Instrument Unit

Instrument Unit ID Number:

Instruments ID Numbers*:

Instruments Coefficients (r₁, . . . ,r_(x))*:

Update Frequency:

Previous Update Date:

Next Update Date:

Instrument

Instrument ID Number:

Instrument Class: Equity A, Equity B, Bond, Contract, etc.

Instrument Terms:

Update Frequency:

Previous Update Date:

Next Update Date:

Market Price:

Number Outstanding:

Asset Set

Asset Set ID Number:

Asset Set Multiplier (u):

Asset Unit ID Number:

Update Frequency:

Previous Update Date:

Next Update Date:

Number Owned By Issuer:

Asset Unit

Asset Unit ID Number:

Asset(s) ID Number(s)*:

Asset(s) Coefficient(s) (e1, . . . ,ed)*:

Update Frequency:

Previous Update Date:

Next Update Date:

Asset

Asset ID Number:

Asset Type: Share, Commodity Unit, Item, etc.

Asset Terms:

Update Frequency:

Previous Update Date:

Next Update Date:

Market Price:

Number Owned By Issuer:

Historical Instance Changes:

Historical Instance Change ID Number:

Historical Instance Change Date*:

Historical Instance Instruments Before Change*:

Historical Instance Instruments After Change*:

Historical Instance Assets Before Change*:

Historical Instance Assets After Change*:

Instrument Creation History

Instrument ID Number:

Issuance or Transformation ID Number:

Creation Date*:

Numbers of Instruments*:

Consideration*:

Instrument Redemption History

Instrument ID Number:

Instance ID Number:

Redemption Date*:

Numbers of Instruments*:

Consideration*:

Coverage Information

Instrument Excesses (R_(x)/(vr_(x) Instrument Sets))*:

Asset Underages (E_(d)/(ue_(d) Asset Sets))*

Asset Sets Owned: Instrument Sets Issued Ratio:

* may be a multiple field

In another aspect of the present invention, the following functions of aCompound Redemption Processor are included herein by way of an exemplaryarrangement of functions that may be ordered by participants forimplementing various aspects of the present invention. The functions,may, for example, be ordered by a system proprietor, brokers orinvestors and may link to data populated and extracted via executablecode running on a Compound Redemption Processor.

Exemplary Functions of Compound Redemption Processor 1. FunctionsOrdered by System Proprietor

-   Add Instrument Data    -   Load new Compound Redeemable Instruments into a Record Database    -   Fill in other Fields of an Instrument Record-   Update Instrument Terms (run daily)-   For Each Instrument:    -   Is Terms Update Due Today?    -   If Yes:        -   Update Instrument Terms        -   Fill in Next Update Date-   Update Number Outstanding (run daily)-   Add Instrument Unit Data    -   Load New Instrument Unit into Record Database    -   Fill in other Fields of Instrument Unit-   Update r_(x) Coefficients (run daily)-   Add Instrument Set Data    -   Load New Instrument Set into Record Database    -   Fill in other Fields of Instrument Set into Record Database-   Update v Multiplier (run daily)-   Update Number Outstanding (run daily)-   Add Exchangeable Asset Data    -   Load new Exchangeable Assets into Record Database    -   Fill in other Fields of Exchangeable Assets into Record Database-   Update Exchangeable Asset Terms (run daily)-   For Each Exchangeable Asset:    -   Is Terms Update Due Today?    -   If Yes:        -   Update Exchangeable Asset Terms        -   Fill in Next Update Date-   Update Number Owned By Issuer (run daily)-   Add Asset Unit Data    -   Load New Asset Unit into Record Database    -   Fill in other Fields of Asset Unit-   Update e_(d) Coefficients (run daily)-   Add Asset Set Data    -   Load New Asset Set into Record Database    -   Fill in other Fields of Asset Set into Record Database-   Update u Multiplier (run daily)-   Update Number Owned By Issuer (run daily)-   Add Redemption Instance Data    -   Load New Instance into Record Database    -   Fill in other Fields of Instance-   Update Number of Redemption Instances (run daily)

2. Functions Ordered by Brokers

-   Process, Buy Or Sell (run when order comes in)-   Receive Transaction Request and Enter into Database-   Display Order on Screen with Other Unfilled Orders-   Display Historical Instrument Prices-   Display Historical Asset Prices-   Calculate and Display Historical Instrument Set Prices-   Calculate and Display Historical Asset Set Prices-   Search for Current Buy and Sell Orders of Same Instrument-   Identify Matches in Limit Orders and Numbers of Instruments    -   If found Execute Orders Exchanging Existing Instruments    -   If None Found Combine with same type Orders (e.g. buys for same        Instrument)    -   If a Bid for an Instrument    -   Search for Instrument Set Among Bids    -   If Total Bid Prices in Instrument Set>=Price of Asset Set    -   Then:    -   Issue Instrument Set    -   Create or Update Instrument Holder Records    -   Create Transaction Record    -   Create Issuance Record    -   Update Instrument Record    -   Update Instrument Set Record    -   Deposit Asset Set if Required or if Hedging    -   Update Asset Record    -   Update Asset Set Record    -   Update Issuance Record    -   Update Instrument Creation History    -   If an Offer to Sell an Instrument    -   Search for Instrument Set Among Offers    -   If Total Offer Prices in Instrument Set<=Price of Asset Set    -   Then:    -   Redeem Instrument Set    -   Update Instrument Holder Record    -   Create Transaction Record    -   Create Redemption Record    -   Update Instrument Record    -   Update Instrument Set Record    -   Withdraw Asset Set if Required or if Hedging    -   Update Asset Record    -   Update Asset Set Record    -   Update Instrument Redemption History-   Provide for Electronic Trading System    -   Order Processing and Confirmation    -   Provide Information for Book Window for Trading Screen

3. Functions Ordered by Investors (Informational Web Site):

-   View Outstanding Limit Orders (Book Window)-   View Compound Redeemable Instruments    -   Instrument Class    -   Instrument Terms    -   Number Outstanding-   View Exchangeable Assets    -   Asset Type    -   Asset Terms    -   Number Outstanding-   View Redemption Instance    -   Instrument Unit Coefficients    -   Instrument Set Multiplier    -   Asset Unit Coefficients    -   Asset Unit Multiplier-   View Historical Instance Changes-   View Instrument Excess-   View Asset Ratio

Following now is a discussion including more detail relating to exampleswhich exemplify some embodiments of the present invention. Thediscussion is meant to be illustrative and not limiting in character.

In some embodiments, an Issuer may be a legal entity such as a trustissuing two classes of Compound Redeemable Instruments in a privateplacement exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. The CompoundRedeemable Instruments may be resold in accordance with Rule 144A.Generally, Rule 144A permits the resale of certain unregisteredsecurities to Qualified Institutional Buyers without requiringregistration under the 1933 Act. The CRIs are traded on the NASDAQPORTAL Alliance system or other similar private services enabling acertain amount of liquidity among institutional buyers without listingon a national exchange or registering under the Securities Exchange Actof 1934, and rely on Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act of1940 which provides an exemption from its provisions for QualifiedPurchasers.

One class may comprise derivative contracts of a single type and anotherclass may comprise units of trust equity of a single type. In exchangefor issuing the contracts and the units, the trust deposits ExchangeableAssets comprising bonds of an unaffiliated issuer. The instrumentsredeem as an Instrument Set. Each Instrument Set including tenInstrument Units each Instrument Unit including one contract and oneunit of trust equity redeeming in exchange for assets exchanging as anAsset Set each including one Asset Unit comprising one bond or the cashequivalent thereof.

Conversely, instruments issue as an Instrument Set each comprising tenInstrument Units each comprising one said contract and one said unitissuing in exchange for the deposit of assets as Asset Sets eachcomprising one Asset Unit each comprising one said bond or the cashequivalent thereof. Redemptions and issuances take place through aDepositor charging a fee. Said contracts and units own and tradeseparately until redeemed or maturing in the case of said contract.Redeeming instruments may retain, extinguished or reissued by theIssuer.

Contracts may include terms selected from a broad universe of termsincluding virtually any payoff formulation and underlying referenceeither singly or in combination including those that may or may not bepossible to buy, hold, sell or otherwise invest in either directly orindirectly. Examples of such payoff formulations include any linear,exponential, digital or other mathematical formulation. Examples of suchunderlying references may include any flow, claim, return, price, level,outcome, statistical result, event or other measurable effect. Unitsrepresent a residual value in the trust issuer after all expenses of thetrust and the payments due under the terms of the contract.

As a result, amounts payable under said unit and said contract may varyinversely to each other and may be limited in aggregate by the value ofthe bonds. In the event that the terms of the contract are notself-limiting, its payout may equal or exceed the corresponding value ofsaid bonds such that the value of the said units would be driven tozero.

In some embodiments, the present invention provides benefits of aderivative contract with additional liquidity and transparency andwithout the counter-party risk, hedging limitations, and costsassociated with traditional dealer offerings, among others. Thisdistinguishes over other products which do not offer the ability toredeem a plurality of different classes of interests to accomplish suchbenefits.

In furtherance of the preceding specific exemplary embodiment, the termsof the contract provide for payment of an amount on the maturity date ofthe contract two years hence equal to the price one week prior to thematurity date of a single share of stock listed on a nationallyrecognized stock exchange. As the price of the stock increases thecontract becomes more valuable reflecting its likely increased payoffamount on the maturity date. Because the trust owns bonds that pay afixed amount, the anticipated residual value available to units reducesas the payoff on the contract increases. As a result, the equity unitresembles a short position in the stock increasing in value as the stockdeclines and decreasing in value as the stock increases. Unlike anactual short position in the stock, the holder of the unit cannot losemore than the cost of the unit. Compared to traditional means forshorting stock, the system provides a more efficient less cumbersomealternative eliminating the need to locate, borrow and sell sharesthereby eliminating the costs, inefficiencies and risks associated withlocating stock, borrowing stock, losing the ability to borrow stock,selling shares, repurchasing shares, paying stock lendingintermediaries, stock borrow fees and fees associated with posting andmanaging collateral, among others. In addition, compared to sellingsingle stock futures the unit is appealing as a cash instrument with alimited downside unlike a single stock futures position where thepotential loss is unlimited.

In furtherance of the preceding specific exemplary embodiment, thecontract may be based on climate measurements or the performance of asports team.

In another specific exemplary embodiment, a newly formed issuer is acorporation issuing four classes of Compound Redeemable Instruments in aprivate placement exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. TheCompound Redeemable Instruments may be resold in accordance with Rule144A permitting the resale of certain unregistered securities toqualified institutional buyers without requiring registration under the1933 Act, are traded on the NASDAQ PORTAL Alliance system enabling acertain amount of liquidity among institutional buyers without listingon a national exchange or registering under the Securities Exchange Actof 1934, and rely on Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act of1940 which provides an exemption from its provisions for QualifiedPurchasers. Three classes comprise bonds with terms separate anddistinct from each other class and another class comprises equity sharesof the issuer. In exchange for issuing the bonds and the shares thecorporation deposits Exchangeable Assets comprising a pool of notesbacked by similar residential real estate mortgages on units in acondominium development.

The instruments may redeem as an Instrument Set each comprising 2Instrument Units each comprising four hundred of the bonds of one class,three hundred of the bonds of another class, two hundred of the bonds ofanother class and one hundred of the shares in exchange for assetsexchanging as an Asset Set each comprising 1 Asset Unit comprising twosaid mortgages. Conversely, instruments issue as an Instrument Set eachcomprising 2 Instrument Units each comprising four hundred of the bondsof one class, three hundred of the bonds of another class, two hundredof the bonds of another class and one hundred of the shares issuing inexchange for the deposit of assets as an Asset Set each comprising oneAsset Unit each comprising two said mortgages.

Redemption and issuance takes place directly with an issuer charging afee. The bonds and the shares own and trade separately until redeemed ormaturing in the case of said bonds. Redeeming instruments may beretained, extinguished or reissued by the Issuer. The bonds of eachclass of bonds comprise terms selected from a broad universe of termsincluding virtually any combination of interest payments, interestpayment dates, maturity dates, seniority, and others, one or more ofwhich are different compared to bonds of each other class. The sharerepresents the residual value in the company after all expenses of thecompany and the payments due under the terms of the bonds. The bondsprovide security of terms in their seniority to each other and to theshares. The shares benefit from unlimited upside leveraged by the bonds.The system provides the benefits of more efficient leverage resultingfrom increased liquidity and transparency of Compound RedeemableInstruments compared to other instruments not Compound RedeemableInstruments.

In furtherance of the preceding exemplary embodiment, the issuer is anexisting corporation with additional outstanding instruments that arenot Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In another specific exemplary embodiment, the capital structure of anexisting publicly registered corporate issuer comprises one class ofpublicly listed thinly traded shares and one class of illiquid bondsneither being Compound Redeemable Instruments. Subsequently, said issuerconverts said classes including all outstanding and future issues ofeach into Compound Redeemable Instruments redeeming in exchange forExchangeable Assets comprising readily marketable widgets of saidissuer's manufacture. Said Compound Redeemable Instruments redeem as anInstrument Set each comprising 3 Instrument Units each comprising 11shares and 1 bond exchanging for an Asset Set each comprising one AssetUnit each comprising 1000 Exchangeable Assets each Exchangeable Assetrepresenting one said widget.

The system provides liquidity and transparency to the issuer'ssecurities by enabling a market to place an objective value on anInstrument Set enabling arbitrageurs to create and redeem shares andbonds jointly against said value.

The system thereby stimulates market interest in the issuer's securitiesenabling the issuer to raise capital more efficiently. The systemenables the issuer to “buy back” its securities at a discount as aresult of the profit margin that it builds into the widgets inaccordance with its normal operations. The system enables the use ofwidgets to redeem its instruments thereby reducing inventory, increasingthe volume of widget production and improving profit margins. The systemaccomplishes this without requiring the issuer to place a relative valueon its shares compared to its bonds. As discussed broadly above, aspectsof the present invention may therefore include the following specificattributes, such as, apparatus and methods to redeem jointly CompoundRedeemable Instruments belonging to different classes in exchange forone or more classes of equitably divisible assets, including cash or thecash value of such assets, referred to herein as Exchangeable Assets, onan ongoing basis.

In another aspect of the present invention an integrated financialsystem and method referred to herein as the Compound RedemptionProcessor to create, redeem, distribute, manage and support CompoundRedeemable Instruments on an ongoing basis is provided.

In another aspect of the present invention a method to facilitatetransactions between buyers and sellers of Compound RedeemableInstruments is provided.

In still another aspect of the present invention a method for reportingupon Compound Redeemable Instruments is provided.

In another aspect of the present invention Compound RedeemableInstruments with enhanced trading characteristics associated with theliquidity and transparency of redeemable financial instruments isprovided.

In another aspect of the present invention opportunities for investment,trading, speculation, hedging and arbitrage based on the interplay inprice relationships among Compound Redeemable Instruments andExchangeable Assets is provided.

In another aspect of the present invention improved derivativeinstruments in the form of Compound Redeemable Instruments with moreflexible payout formulations, less counterparty risk, less marketimpact, better liquidity, greater transparency and improved pricingefficiency compared to other derivative instruments is provided.

In another aspect of the present invention improved structured financeinstruments in the form of Compound Redeemable Instruments withincreased liquidity, transparency, and pricing efficiency compared toother structured finance instruments is provided.

In another aspect of the present invention improved securitizations inthe form of Compound Redeemable Instruments with increased liquidity,transparency, and pricing efficiency compared to other securitizationsis provided.

In another aspect of the present invention to enable issuers totransform their securities that are not Compound Redeemable Instrumentsinto Compound Redeemable Instruments providing improved transparency andliquidity is provided.

In another aspect of the present invention to enable operating companiessuch as manufacturers to increase operating efficiency by issuing ortransforming outstanding securities into Compound Redeemable Instrumentsredeeming for Exchangeable Assets comprising assets relating to theissuer's operations such as inventory, operating or finished goodsassets is provided.

In another aspect of the present invention a data processing system toenable the distribution and trading of Compound Redeemable Instrumentsis provided.

In another aspect of the present invention a data processing system toconvey information about Exchangeable Asset values and prices inessentially real time is provided.

In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, Instrument Unitseach comprising Compound Redeemable Instruments of more than one classredeem for Asset Units each comprising Exchangeable Assets of at leastone class on an ongoing basis according to a Redemption Ratio numberdetermined by the system.

In other exemplary embodiments, Coefficient v number of Instrument Unitscomprise an Instrument Set and Coefficient u number of Asset Unitscomprise an Asset Set where v/u is the Redemption Ratio defining thefewest number of Compound Redeemable Instruments redeeming in exchangefor Exchangeable Assets.

In other exemplary embodiments, the Redemption Ratio defines other thanthe fewest number of Compound Redeemable Instruments redeeming inexchange for Exchangeable Assets.

In other exemplary embodiments the Redemption Ratio is reduced over timeby decreasing Coefficient v or increasing Coefficient u to reflect thefees and expenses of the issuer.

In other exemplary embodiments the Redemption Ratio is increased overtime by increasing Coefficient v or decreasing Coefficient u to reflectthe income of the issuer.

In other exemplary embodiments the Redemption Ratio is defined as u/v.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments specify that they are or may become CompoundRedeemable Instruments in their offering documents or other documents.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments do not specify that they are or may becomeCompound Redeemable Instruments in their offering documents or otherdocuments.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments specify Exchangeable Assets in theirdocumentation.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments do not specify Exchangeable Assets in theirdocumentation.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Instrument Units compriseCompound Redeemable Instruments of the same classes in the same numbersas one or more other Instrument Units.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Instrument Units compriseone or more Compound Redeemable Instruments from each of two differentclasses of Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Instrument Units compriseone or more Compound Redeemable Instruments from each of more than twodifferent classes of Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Instrument Units compriseCompound Redeemable Instruments of different classes than one or moreother Instrument Units.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Instrument Units compriseCompound Redeemable Instruments of the same classes in different numbersas one or more other Instrument Units.

In other exemplary embodiments, all Instrument Units comprise the samenumber of Compound Redeemable Instruments from the same classes as eachother Instrument Unit.

In other exemplary embodiments, not all Instrument Units comprise thesame number of Compound Redeemable Instruments from the same classes aseach other Instrument Unit.

In other exemplary embodiments, an Instrument Unit comprises CompoundRedeemable Instruments of two or more classes in equal proportion toeach other.

In other exemplary embodiments, an Instrument Unit comprises CompoundRedeemable Instruments of two or more classes not in equal proportion toeach other.

In other exemplary embodiments, all Instrument Units comprise CompoundRedeemable Instruments of every class in the same proportion as thecapital structure of the issuer.

In other exemplary embodiments, not all Instrument Units compriseCompound Redeemable Instruments of every class in the same proportion asthe capital structure of the issuer.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Asset Units compriseExchangeable Assets of the same classes in the same numbers as one ormore other Asset Units.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Asset Units compriseExchangeable Assets of one or more different classes than one or moreother Asset Units.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Asset Units compriseExchangeable Assets of the same classes in different numbers as one ormore other Asset Units.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments comprise instruments that are securities, such asstock shares, units, bonds or options.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments comprise instruments that are not securities,such as swap agreements or other business agreements.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instrumentscomprising one Instrument Set redeem in exchange for Exchangeable Assetscomprising one Asset Set.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instrumentscomprising a positive number of Instrument Sets redeems in exchange forExchangeable Assets comprising a positive number of Asset Sets.

In other exemplary embodiments, all Compound Redeemable Instruments inan Instrument Set redeem simultaneously.

In other exemplary embodiments, not all Compound Redeemable Instrumentsin an Instrument Set redeem simultaneously.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments in anInstrument Set do not redeem simultaneously.

In other exemplary embodiments, a Redemption Instance may occur instages over time where all or less than all of the Compound RedeemableInstruments comprising the Instrument Set redeem in exchange for all orless than all of the Exchangeable Assets comprising the Asset Set instages of the Redemption Instance occurring at different times.

In other exemplary embodiments, the right or responsibility to completeone or more stages of a staged Redemption Instance may be contingentupon a reference underlying, outcome event or some other contingency.

In other exemplary embodiments, the right or responsibility to completeone or more stages of a staged Redemption Instance may not be contingentupon a reference underlying, outcome event or some other contingency.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments of oneor more classes can be redeemed through conventional means as well asthrough Compound Redemption.

In other exemplary embodiments, the issuer owns Asset Sets correspondingto its outstanding Instrument Sets.

In other exemplary embodiments, the issuer does not own Asset Setscorresponding to its outstanding Instrument Sets.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Compound RedeemableInstruments specify that the issuer own Asset Sets, Exchangeable Assetsor other collateral corresponding to a specified proportion of itsInstrument Sets outstanding.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more Compound RedeemableInstruments do not specify that the issuer own Asset Sets, ExchangeableAssets or other collateral corresponding to a specified proportion ofits Instrument Sets outstanding.

In other exemplary embodiments, rights or other associated entitlementsheld by owners of Exchangeable Assets are transferred to holders of oneor more classes of Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, rights or other associated entitlementsheld by owners of Exchangeable Assets are not transferred to holders ofone or more classes of Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, rights or other associated entitlementsheld by owners of Exchangeable Assets are transferred to one or moreentities other than holders of one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, rights or other associated entitlementsheld by owners of Exchangeable Assets are not transferred to other thanholders of one or more classes of Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aresecured by Exchangeable Assets serving as collateral.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aresecured by other than Exchangeable Assets serving as collateral.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Interests are notsecured by collateral.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aresecured by collateral that is managed actively by the issuer or a thirdparty.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aresecured by collateral that is managed passively by the issuer or a thirdparty.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aresecured by collateral that is not managed by the issuer or a thirdparty.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redemption is secured byExchangeable Assets serving as collateral.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redemption is secured by otherthan Exchangeable Assets serving as collateral.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redemption is not secured bycollateral.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redemption is secured bycollateral that is managed actively by the issuer, the system proprietoror a third party.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redemption is secured bycollateral that is managed passively by the issuer or a third party.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redemption is secured bycollateral that is not managed by the issuer or a third party.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issue inexchange for depositing Exchangeable Assets.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments do notissue in exchange for depositing Exchangeable Assets.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issue inexchange for depositing other than Exchangeable Assets.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments do notissue in exchange for depositing other than Exchangeable Assets.

In other exemplary embodiments, all Compound Redeemable Instruments areissued initially as Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, not all Compound Redeemable Instrumentsare issued initially as Compound Redeemable Instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, all Compound Redeemable Instruments aretransformed instruments that were not initially Compound RedeemableInstruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, not all Compound Redeemable Instrumentsare transformed instruments that were not initially Compound RedeemableInstruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments are derivative instruments including termsselected from a broad universe of terms incorporating virtually anypayoff formulation and reference underlying either singly or incombination that may or may not be possible to buy, hold, sell orotherwise invest in either directly or indirectly.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments are derivative instruments that referenceExchangeable Assets in their payout terms.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments are derivative instruments that do not referenceExchangeable Assets in their payout terms.

In other exemplary embodiments, one or more classes of CompoundRedeemable Instruments are not derivative instruments.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a U.S. based issuer.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a non-U.S. based issuer.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a trust.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a trust.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a special purpose vehicle.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a special purpose vehicle.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a corporation.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a corporation.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a partnership.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a partnership.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a Real Estate Investment Trust.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a Real Estate Investment Trust.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a Master Limited Partnership.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a Master Limited Partnership Trust.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a Grantor Trust.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a Grantor Trust.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a Regulated Investment Company.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a Regulated Investment Company.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a pass-through entity for Federal tax purposes.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a pass-through entity for Federal tax purposes.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a Registered Investment Company.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a Registered Investment Company.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom a federal or state sanctioned exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments issuefrom other than a federal or state sanctioned exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are notissued from a federal or state sanctioned exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are notissued from other than a federal or state sanctioned exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aretransferable.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments areprivately placed.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are notprivately placed.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments arelisted on a public exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are notlisted on a public exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments arelisted on other than a public exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are notlisted on other than a public exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aretransferred informally.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aretransferred other than informally.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aretraded on a public exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are nottraded on a public exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aretraded on other than a public exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are nottraded on other than a public exchange.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aretraded or not according to user instructions.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aretraded among qualified investors in the 144A marketplace through afacility such as the NASDAQ PORTAL Alliance System.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are nottraded among qualified investors in the 144A marketplace through afacility such as the NASDAQ PORTAL Alliance System.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments aretraded other than among qualified investors in the 144A marketplacethrough a facility such as the NASDAQ PORTAL Alliance System.

In other exemplary embodiments, Compound Redeemable Instruments are nottraded other than among qualified investors in the 144A marketplacethrough a facility such as the NASDAQ Portal facility.

In other exemplary embodiments, a Compound Redeemable Instrumentincludes a first Financial Instrument being exchanged as a redemptionfee for a second Financial Instrument.

1. A computerized apparatus for processing management of compoundredeemable instruments, the apparatus comprising: a computer serveraccessible with a network access device via a communications network;and executable software stored on the server and executable on demand,the software operative with the server to cause the apparatus to:generate data descriptive of a set of issuer instruments, wherein theinstruments comprise multiple disparate classes; group two or more ofthe issuer instruments of multiple disparate classes into an instrumentset comprising compound redeemable instruments; generate datadescriptive of quantifiable assets; group one or more of thequantifiable assets into an asset set comprising exchangeable assets;associate the instrument set with the asset set; and generate a marketvaluation comprising terms of redemption for the compound redeemableinstruments, wherein the terms of redemption comprise the redemption ofone instrument set in exchange for one asset set.
 2. The apparatus ofclaim 1 wherein the executable software is additionally operative tocause the apparatus to: generate a price for the instrument set, whereinthe price comprises an amount of a currency to exchange per instrumentset.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the executable software isadditionally operative to cause the apparatus to: generate a price forthe asset set, wherein the price comprises an amount of a currency toexchange per asset set.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the assetscomprising the asset set are more easily liquidated as compared to thefinancial instruments comprising the instrument set.
 5. The apparatus ofclaim 1 wherein: the instrument set comprises at least one derivativeinstrument and at least one equity instrument of a special purposevehicle, wherein the at least one derivative instrument and at least oneequity instrument are jointly redeemable for a predetermined quantity ofone or more specified financial instruments or commodities comprisingthe asset set.
 6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the derivativeinstrument comprises a payout linked to one or more financialinstruments, assets or data observations.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the asset set comprises a pecuniary amount based upon aschedule.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the asset set comprisesfinancial instruments of the issuer.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the instrument set comprises financial instruments of more thanone disparate issuers, wherein the disparate issuers are determinativeof disparate classes.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the assetset comprises an interest in a finished goods inventory and theinstrument set thereby provides a marketplace with a value for anissuer's securities on a basis of the issuer's products.
 11. Theapparatus of claim 1 wherein the executable software is additionallyoperative to cause the apparatus to receive an instruction via digitaldata to execute one or more of: purchase a compound redeemableinstrument; sell a compound redeemable instrument; create a compoundredeemable instrument; and redeem a compound redeemable instrument. 12.The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the executable software is additionallyoperative to cause the apparatus to receive an instruction via digitaldata to redeem one or more instrument sets in exchange for one or moreasset sets.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the executablesoftware is additionally operative to receive one or more instructionsvia digital data on an ongoing basis over a period of time.
 14. Theapparatus of claim 13 wherein the executable software is additionallyoperative to cause the apparatus to generate a command to execute aredemption of one or more instrument sets in exchange for one or moreasset sets.
 15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the executablesoftware is additionally operative to cause the apparatus to maintain anaccount for a user, wherein the account comprises an enumeration of anumber of compound redeemable instruments and instrument sets owned bythe user and a description of assets, including currency, for which thecompound redeemable instruments may be redeemed.
 16. The apparatus ofclaim 1 wherein a special purpose vehicle implements a grouping of twoor more of the issuer instruments of multiple disparate classes into aninstrument set and the issuer instruments comprise at least one or morederivative instruments grouped with one or more equity instruments. 17.The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the exchangeable assets, for which theone or more derivative instruments grouped with one or more equityinstruments are jointly redeemable, comprise one or more of: specifiedcommodities, financial instruments and cash amounts.
 18. The apparatusof claim 1 wherein the instrument set comprises at least one equityshare and one bond which correlate with an asset set comprising at leastone or more of: specified financial instruments, commodities and cashamounts.
 19. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the instrument setcomprises at least one equity unit and one contract which correlate withan asset set comprising one or more of: specified financial instruments,commodities and cash amounts.
 20. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein theissuer comprises one or more of: a government, an operating company; anda special purpose vehicle.
 21. A computerized apparatus for generationof compound redeemable instruments, the apparatus comprising: a computerserver accessible with a network access device via a communicationsnetwork; and executable software stored on the server and executableupon demand based, the software operative with the server to cause theapparatus to: generate data descriptive of a set of financialinstruments, wherein the financial instruments comprise multipledisparate classes; group two or more of the financial instruments ofmultiple disparate classes into an instrument set comprising compoundredeemable instruments; generate data descriptive of quantifiableassets; group multiple quantifiable assets into an asset set, said assetset comprising exchangeable assets; associate the instrument set withthe asset set; and generate a market valuation for the instrument setcomprising terms of redemption for the instrument set, wherein the termsof redemption comprise the redemption of a specified quantity ofinstrument sets in exchange for a specified quantity of asset sets. 22.The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the issuing entity comprises one of ormore of: a government, an operating company; and a special purposevehicle.
 23. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the instrument setcomprises financial instruments of more than one disparate issuers,wherein the disparate issuers are determinative of disparate classes.24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the executable software isadditionally operative to receive a digital instruction to execute oneor more of: transformations of compound redeemable, creations ofcompound redeemable instruments, redemptions of compound redeemableinstruments, extinguishments of compound redeemable instruments;acquisitions of assets and disposals of assets.